{"id":10045,"date":"2020-03-15T02:55:25","date_gmt":"2020-03-14T23:55:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/bir-catisma-cozumu-modeli-olarak-guney-afrika-post-apartheid-perspektifinden-bugunu-anlayabilmek\/"},"modified":"2020-05-05T13:22:33","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T11:22:33","slug":"bir-catisma-cozumu-modeli-olarak-guney-afrika-post-apartheid-perspektifinden-bugunu-anlayabilmek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/bir-catisma-cozumu-modeli-olarak-guney-afrika-post-apartheid-perspektifinden-bugunu-anlayabilmek\/","title":{"rendered":"Bir \u00c7at\u0131\u015fma \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc Modeli Olarak G\u00fcney Afrika: Post-Apartheid Perspektifinden Bug\u00fcn\u00fc Anlayabilmek"},"content":{"rendered":"

10 Ocak 2017 Sal\u0131 Saat 14:25<\/p>\n

\n
G\u00fcney Afrikal\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc gazeteci Justice Malala 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131na \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle ba\u015fl\u0131yordu: \u201c\u00c7ok k\u0131zg\u0131n\u0131m! \u00c7ok \u00f6fkeliyim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunun bizde de olabilece\u011fini hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemi\u015ftim. Ve devam ediyordu. \u201cNe olursa olsun, biz Mandela\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131y\u0131z. \u0130\u015fler buraya nas\u0131l geldi? Malala bu \u015fekilde yak\u0131nan entelekt\u00fcel, gazeteci, yazar, akademisyen yahut siyaset\u00e7ilerden sadece biri. Asl\u0131nda son zamanlarda G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da herhangi bir kitap\u00e7\u0131ya girdi\u011finizde en \u00e7ok satanlar listelerinde sizi<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

G\u00fcney Afrikal\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc gazeteci Justice Malala 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda
\nyay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131na \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle ba\u015fl\u0131yordu: \u201c\u00c7ok k\u0131zg\u0131n\u0131m! \u00c7ok \u00f6fkeliyim.
\n\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunun bizde de olabilece\u011fini hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemi\u015ftim. Ve devam ediyordu. \u201cNe
\nolursa olsun, biz Mandela\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131y\u0131z. \u0130\u015fler buraya nas\u0131l geldi? Malala
\nbu \u015fekilde yak\u0131nan entelekt\u00fcel, gazeteci, yazar, akademisyen yahut
\nsiyaset\u00e7ilerden sadece biri. Asl\u0131nda son zamanlarda G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da herhangi
\nbir kitap\u00e7\u0131ya girdi\u011finizde en \u00e7ok satanlar listelerinde sizi \u2018G\u00fcney Afrika
\nnas\u0131l kurtulur?\u2019 re\u00e7eteleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Nedensellik ve sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkilerini her
\nyazar\/yorumcu kendisine g\u00f6re kursa da, hepsi ortak bir noktada bulu\u015fuyor: Yirmi
\ny\u0131ll\u0131k bir demokrasi deneyiminden sonra, G\u00fcney Afrika yoku\u015f a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yuvarlanmaya
\nba\u015flad\u0131 bile.<\/p>\n

Oysa bug\u00fcnden sadece on be\u015f-yirmi y\u0131l \u00f6nce b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya G\u00fcney
\nAfrika\u2019ya \u00f6vg\u00fcler diziyordu. Apartayd Rejimi\u2019ni dize getirmi\u015f olan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck
\nhareketi Afrika Ulusal Kongresi (ANC), di\u011fer demokratik bile\u015fenlerle iktidara
\ngelmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer yan\u0131ndaki ezilenlere m\u00fccadele dersi
\nvermi\u015flerdi. Mandela\u2019n\u0131n karizmatik ki\u015fili\u011fi etraf\u0131nda ve liderlik \u015femsiyesi
\nalt\u0131nda G\u00fcney Afrika yeniden do\u011fmu\u015ftu. Uluslararas\u0131 etkilerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, en
\n\u00e7ok da di\u011fer Afrika \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in bir umut olmu\u015f, imrenilerek bak\u0131lan bir \u00fclke
\nhaline gelmi\u015fti. \u015eimdi ise, Jacob Zuma\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nderli\u011fi alt\u0131nda, hem
\nyolsuzluklarla bo\u011fu\u015fan hem de \u00f6\u011frenci protestolar\u0131 nedeniyle e\u011fitim\/\u00f6\u011fretim
\nsistemi kimi \u015fehirlerde sekteye u\u011fram\u0131\u015f bir \u00fclke haline geldi. Bug\u00fcn G\u00fcney
\nAfrika\u2019y\u0131 ziyaret etti\u011finizde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz manzara kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda acaba Apartayd ger\u00e7ekten
\nbitti mi diye sorabilirsiniz kendinize. Siyahlar ve beyazlar aras\u0131ndaki
\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnmez s\u0131n\u0131rlar h\u00e2l\u00e2 baki ve giderek derinle\u015fen e\u015fitsizlik toplumun belli
\nkesiminde ciddi bir hareketlenmeye neden oluyor. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, genel kan\u0131,
\nMandela\u2019n\u0131n uzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etkisinin yava\u015f yava\u015f kayboldu\u011fu ve yirmi y\u0131l \u00f6nceki
\nbar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcrecinde hal\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na s\u00fcp\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc veya g\u00f6rmezden geldi\u011fi sorunlar\u0131n
\nyava\u015f yava\u015f, belki daha da b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \u015fekilde, su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131. Gazeteci Alec
\nRussel\u2019\u0131n da belirtti\u011fi gibi, Afrika Ulusal Kongresi art\u0131k bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck
\nhareketi olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve tipik bir iktidar partisi gibi davranmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.
\nBir\u00e7oklar\u0131n\u0131n akl\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ip de dillendiremedi\u011fini Russel a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor:
\nG\u00fcney Afrika ikinci varolu\u015f m\u00fccadelesine haz\u0131rlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Afrika Modeli<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019daki bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci, \u00f6zellikle, \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n en
\nvah\u015fi haline bile kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadele edip bundan demokratik ve uzla\u015fmac\u0131 bir ak\u0131l
\ndo\u011furulabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermesiyle, anla\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc ve bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7leri
\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ba\u015fvurulan en \u00f6nemli \u00f6rneklerden biri oldu. Sonras\u0131nda, t\u00fcm
\nd\u00fcnyaya karizmatik bir liderin bar\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci ve sonras\u0131nda ne kadar \u00f6nemli bir
\nrol oynayabilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. \u0130ntikam ve hatta adalet iste\u011finin, b\u00fct\u00fcn bir
\n\u00fclkenin gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in geri plana itilebilece\u011fini ve yeniden ba\u015flamak i\u00e7in bazen
\naffetmenin her \u015feyden daha \u00e7ok gerekli oldu\u011funu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131. \u00d6rne\u011fin hakikat
\nkomisyonlar\u0131 gibi yap\u0131lanmalar derslerde okuttu\u011fumuzda h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6\u011frencilerin en \u00e7ok
\nilgisini \u00e7eken konulardan biri. G\u00fcney Afrika, \u201cbar\u0131\u015f , \u201cadalet veyahut
\n\u201ce\u015fitlik gibi, herkesin tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fini varsayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kavramlar\u0131 bile
\nsaatlerce tart\u0131\u015fabildi\u011fimiz bir malzeme sunuyor bize.<\/p>\n

De Klerk\u2019in se\u00e7ilmesi ve daha sonra Mandela\u2019n\u0131n serbest
\nb\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u015flayan demokratikle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde asl\u0131nda h\u00e2l\u00e2 anlat\u0131lmayan ya
\nda tam anla\u015f\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f m\u00fczakere hik\u00e2yeleri var. \u00d6zellikle \u0130ngiltere\u2019de
\nger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen gizli g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerle ilgili kitaplar yaz\u0131l\u0131p filmler \u00e7ekilse de,
\niki taraf\u0131n nas\u0131l uzla\u015fmaya vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ok bilinmeyenli bir denklem olmaya devam
\nediyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin Allister Sparks\u2019\u0131n Tomorrow is Another Country kitab\u0131
\nm\u00fczakerelere giden s\u00fcreci \u00e7ok iyi anlat\u0131yor. Ya da Robert Harvey\u2019in Apartayd
\nRejimi\u2019nin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc \u00fczerine yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131n uyarlamas\u0131 olan \u0130ngiliz yap\u0131m\u0131
\nEndgame filmi \u00e7ok ilgin\u00e7 detaylar i\u00e7eriyor. Oysa, G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m alan
\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131ndan anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m bir \u015fey var: Baz\u0131 \u015feyler devlet s\u0131rr\u0131, baz\u0131lar\u0131ysa
\nad\u0131n\u0131n an\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istemeyen ki\u015filerin torunlar\u0131na anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hik\u00e2yelerde sakl\u0131.
\nO zamanlar\u0131n istihbarat \u015fefi Neil Barnard\u2019\u0131n kendi kitab\u0131nda bile s\u00f6ylenmeyen
\ns\u00f6zler var.<\/p>\n

\u00d6ncelikle \u015funu belirtmek gerekiyor: Mandela olmasayd\u0131 bar\u0131\u015f
\ns\u00fcrecinin nas\u0131l olabilece\u011fini tahayy\u00fcl edebilecek \u00e7ok az insan var. Elbette
\nuluslararas\u0131 siyasi ortam hem ANC\u2019yi hem de iktidar partisini ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir
\n\u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelere zorlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u00fcba\u2019n\u0131n deste\u011fi kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019n\u0131n
\nAngola\u2019da etkisini kaybetmesi, Namibia\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc kazanmas\u0131, So\u011fuk
\nSava\u015f\u2019\u0131n sona eriyor olmas\u0131, Mandela\u2019n\u0131n serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her
\ntaraf\u0131ndan gelen bask\u0131lar ve elbette ki yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara bak\u0131nca, her
\niki taraf\u0131n da m\u00fczakere etmeye k\u0131sa vadede zaten mecbur kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131
\ns\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Lakin, Mandela gibi bir liderin kanatlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bar\u0131\u015f
\ng\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeleri belki de G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019n\u0131n Rodezya\u2019ya benzer bir yola girmesini
\nengelledi. Cape Town ve Johannesburg\u2019daki alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam s\u0131ras\u0131nda Mandela ile
\nbirebir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerle g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcm. Hem anayasan\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda
\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan komisyon \u00fcyeleriyle hem de Mandela\u2019n\u0131n gen\u00e7lik d\u00f6neminde siyasi
\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ona yolda\u015fl\u0131k etmi\u015f ki\u015filerle m\u00fclakatlar yapt\u0131m. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler
\nsonucunda, Mandela\u2019n\u0131n John Carlin\u2019in kitaplar\u0131nda bahsedilen o romantize
\nedilmi\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fcleyici ve karizmatik liderden farkl\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlad\u0131m. Yaln\u0131z
\ns\u0131kl\u0131kla duydu\u011fum ve asl\u0131nda duymay\u0131 beklemedi\u011fim \u015feyler de vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, m\u00fczakerelerde aktif g\u00f6rev alm\u0131\u015f bir akademisyen
\n\u015f\u00f6yle diyordu: Liderlik \u00f6nemli ama etkisi bir yere kadar. Mandela umut
\nsembolleri yaratt\u0131 ve bu sembolleri m\u00fczakereler sonras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ek umutlara
\nd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. O b\u00fct\u00fcn bir ulusu buna inand\u0131rabilecek bir adamd\u0131. Kendi rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynad\u0131.
\nAma bu umutlar\u0131 yeterince kurumsalla\u015ft\u0131ramad\u0131. Mandela sonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ise bu
\nkurumsalla\u015famaman\u0131n etkileri kendisini g\u00f6stermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ba\u015fka bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ise,
\nMandela\u2019n\u0131n m\u00fczakereler s\u0131ras\u0131nda bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00f6n plana al\u0131p adaleti ikinci plana
\nitmesinin uzun vadede problemlere yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131m g\u00f6steriyor ki,
\n\u00f6zellikle yeni ku\u015fak siyahlar kendilerini kand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hissediyor. M\u00fczakerelerin
\nsonunda siyahlar\u0131n sadece siyasi haklar\u0131n\u0131 geri almakta ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabildi\u011fi,
\nbuna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ekonomik ve sosyal adaletin sa\u011flanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.
\nM\u00fclakat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131mdan biri o zamanlar Mandela\u2019n\u0131n bir devlet adam\u0131 olarak en do\u011fru
\nkarar\u0131 verdi\u011fini, \u00f6rne\u011fin toprak reformu gibi bir maddenin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bile
\nDe Klerk h\u00fck\u00fcmetine geri ad\u0131m att\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u0130\u015fte o g\u00fcnlerde yeterince
\ntart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmayan, sorun \u00e7\u0131karmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilen konular bug\u00fcn G\u00fcney
\nAfrika\u2019da birer birer su y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Protestolar, Yolsuzluk ve Giderek B\u00fcy\u00fcyen Irk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019ya ilk ziyaretimde Stellenbosch
\n\u00dcniversitesi\u2019ndeki protestolar kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 beni. Tam bir y\u0131l sonra yeniden \u00fc\u00e7
\nayl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m ara\u015ft\u0131rma ziyaretinde yine ayn\u0131 \u015feyi g\u00f6rd\u00fcm.[i] Sanki aradan
\nbir y\u0131l ge\u00e7memi\u015fti. \u00d6\u011frenciler dersleri boykot ediyor, \u00fcniversiteye ait kamu
\nara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131yor, kamp\u00fcste bulunan ve aparthayd yadig\u00e2r\u0131 \u201cbeyaz adam
\nheykellerine ANC\u2019n\u0131n Winnie Mandela etkisindeyken uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntem olan
\nnecklacing yap\u0131l\u0131yor, yani bir tekerlek cezaland\u0131r\u0131lacak ki\u015finin boynuna
\nge\u00e7iriliyor ve yak\u0131l\u0131yor \u00f6\u011frenciler hem yeni hem de ANC\u2019nin kurulu\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131na
\ndair sloganlarla yeri g\u00f6\u011f\u00fc inletiyordu. Kwazulu-Natal ve di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde
\n\u00fcniversite k\u00fct\u00fcphaneleri ate\u015fe verilmi\u015fti ve molotofkokteyli ile yap\u0131lan
\nsald\u0131r\u0131larda \u00fcniversitelerin di\u011fer binalar\u0131nda yang\u0131n \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu y\u00fczden
\nara\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revlisi oldu\u011fum Stellenbosch \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde hi\u00e7bir binaya polis
\nveya \u00f6zel g\u00fcvenlik kontrol\u00fcnden ge\u00e7meden giremiyorduk. K\u00fct\u00fcphanenin \u00e7evresi ise
\ndikenli tellerle kapat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Johannesburg \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde yapaca\u011f\u0131m konu\u015fma
\nise can g\u00fcvenli\u011fimi sa\u011flayamayacaklar\u0131 nedeniyle iptal edilmi\u015fti. Elbette
\n\u00f6\u011frenci protestolar\u0131na h\u00fck\u00fcmet polis \u015fiddetiyle kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k veriyordu. \u00c7\u0131kan
\narbedede bir\u00e7ok \u00f6\u011frenci yaralanm\u0131\u015f, hatta plastik mermiyle vurulmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

Peki neden \u015fiddet i\u00e7eren \u00f6\u011frenci protestolar\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00fclkeyi
\nkaplam\u0131\u015ft\u0131? Aparthayd\u2019\u0131n sona ermesinden beri gelmi\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6\u011frenci
\nprotestolar\u0131na \u015fahit oluyordum. Bir y\u0131ldan uzun bir s\u00fcrede, protestolar\u0131n
\nmaliyeti 40-50 milyon dolar\u0131 bulmu\u015ftu ve de y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim baz\u0131 \u00fcniversitelerde
\ntamamen fel\u00e7 olmu\u015ftu. \u0130lk protesto dalgas\u0131 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcniversite har\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n
\nart\u0131\u015f\u0131na tepki olarak do\u011fmu\u015ftu. #FeesMustFall ad\u0131yla ba\u015flayan protesto
\netkinlikleri \u00e7\u0131\u011f gibi b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Sebep har\u00e7lardaki art\u0131\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de as\u0131l
\nneden ekonomik e\u015fitsizliklerin g\u00fcnbeg\u00fcn daha da \u00e7ekilmez hale gelmesiydi.
\nAparthayd\u2019\u0131 ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f koca bir ku\u015fak \u015fimdiki haline bak\u0131yor ve \u00e7o\u011funluk oldu\u011fu
\nbir \u00fclkede, bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesi sonucunda kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f haklar\u0131n\u0131 yeterli
\nbulmuyordu. S\u0131n\u0131fsal olarak \u201cezilen halk olman\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7ilememi\u015fti.
\nZuma\u2019n\u0131n ge\u00e7ici bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak \u00f6nerdi\u011fi zam art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 durdurma konusu 2017
\ni\u00e7in yeniden g\u00fcndeme geldi ve zam yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. \u00d6\u011frenciler
\nhar\u00e7lar\u0131n tamamen kalkmas\u0131n\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131flar aras\u0131ndaki e\u015fitsizliklerin yeniden
\n\u00fcretilmemesini talep ediyor. Ama ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcniversite y\u00f6netimleri de har\u00e7lar
\nolmadan \u00fcniversitelerin devletten ald\u0131klar\u0131 yard\u0131mlar\u0131n asla e\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretimi
\ndevam ettirmelerine yetmeyece\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Tahmin edilebilece\u011fi gibi protestolar k\u0131sa zamanda yeni
\nku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n Afrika Ulusal Kongresi\u2019nden (ANC) memnuniyetsizliklerinin bir nevi
\nd\u0131\u015favurumu oldu. 1994\u2019ten beri s\u00fcregelen e\u015fitsizlik, i\u015fsizlik ve yolsuzlukla
\nm\u00fccadelede pasif kal\u0131nmas\u0131 protesto edilen konular\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda geliyor. Mandela
\nsonras\u0131 d\u00f6nemde yeni bir siyahi burjuva kesimi olu\u015ftu ve toplumun geni\u015f
\nkitleleri yine s\u0131n\u0131fsal olarak dezavantajl\u0131 konumda b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131. Moeletsi Mbeki
\nve Nobantu Mbeki\u2019nin de Sosyal De\u011fi\u015fim i\u00e7in bir Manifesto: G\u00fcney Afrika Nas\u0131l
\nKurtulur? isimli kitaplar\u0131nda belirtikleri gibi, \u201cArt\u0131k G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da siyah
\nkarde\u015flerinin sefaletinden yine siyah karde\u015fleri sorumlu. Siyahlar aras\u0131nda da
\ngiderek b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir e\u015fitsizlik s\u00f6z konusu. G\u00fcney Afrika bug\u00fcn 168 d\u00fcnya \u00fclkesi
\naras\u0131nda yolsuzluk listelerinde \u00fcst s\u0131ralarda yer al\u0131yor. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczden
\nyazarlar \u015f\u00f6yle diyor: Afrika Ulusal Kongresi \u015fu anda kendisine oy veren halkla
\nbir \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7erisinde. Ve benim \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131m g\u00f6steriyor ki bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma giderek
\ndaha radikal partilere deste\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131yor, \u00f6rne\u011fin Ekonomik \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131
\n(Economic Freedom Fighters \u2013EFF) gibi.<\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce ANC\u2019nin silahl\u0131 m\u00fccadelesinde bulunmu\u015f, daha sonra
\nda anayasa komisyonunda yer alm\u0131\u015f bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmecinin bana s\u00f6yledi\u011fine g\u00f6re yeni
\nku\u015fak, Mandela ve di\u011fer m\u00fczakerecilerin konsens\u00fcs\u00fc bozmamak i\u00e7in siyahlar\u0131n
\nhaklar\u0131ndan \u00e7ok tavizler verdiklerini ve yeni bir m\u00fccadelenin gerekli oldu\u011funu
\nsavunuyor. \u201c\u00d6\u011frenciler ANC\u2019nin sava\u015f zaman\u0131nda bile kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 taktikleri
\nkullan\u0131yor, diyor. Asl\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck m\u00fccadelesine biraz \u00f6zlem var, biraz da hem
\ny\u00f6netimdekilerle hem de \u201cbeyazlarla bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc \u00fcstesinden gelemedikleri
\nproblemleri var. Daha \u00f6nce Kom\u00fcnist Parti \u00fcyesi olan ve Aparthayd \u00f6ncesi
\nsilahl\u0131 m\u00fccadele i\u00e7erisinde yer alm\u0131\u015f, \u015fu anda da bir \u00fcniversitede profes\u00f6r
\nolan bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeci ise, \u00f6\u011frencileri hakl\u0131 buldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cBir \u00e7e\u015fit ruh
\nhali i\u00e7indeler, 70\u2019lerdeki gibi\u2026 Ama ne istediklerini tam olarak ifade
\nedemiyorlar. Daha fazla \u015fiddet kullanmalar\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn\u2026 <\/p>\n

Ba\u015fka bir genel kan\u0131 ise \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00e7o\u011funun EFF ile
\nba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu. 2013\u2019te ANC\u2019den ihra\u00e7 edilen ve eskiden ANC\u2019nin gen\u00e7lik
\nkollar\u0131 sorumlusu Julius Malema taraf\u0131ndan kurulan bu parti giderek daha \u00e7ok
\ng\u00fc\u00e7leniyor. Eskiden rejim kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 sol hareketlerin i\u00e7erisinde yer alm\u0131\u015f
\n\u201cbeyazlar bile, Malema\u2019ya \u0131rk\u00e7\u0131 s\u00f6ylemleri olmasa oy verebileceklerini
\nbelirttiler. Malema, Marksizm ile Fanoncu bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 harmanl\u0131yor ve
\nmeclisteki di\u011fer partilerin kapitalist d\u00fczene ayak uydurdu\u011funu, bunu yaparken
\nde siyahlar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 ayaklar alt\u0131na ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunuyor. Elbette, eskilerin
\n\u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck hareketi, \u015fimdiki zamanlar\u0131n ise iktidar partisi ANC ele\u015ftiri
\noklar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00e7ok isabet etti\u011fi parti. \u0130\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131, G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019daki maden end\u00fcstrisinin
\nhalk\u0131n fakirle\u015fmesine katk\u0131lar\u0131, \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyetin e\u015fitsizlik ve adaletsizli\u011fi
\ngibi konular se\u00e7im konu\u015fmalar\u0131nda \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman Malema\u2019n\u0131n
\na\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 propaganda niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131sa da, bir\u00e7oklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131-\u0131rk\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k
\ni\u00e7eren ifadelerle dolu. Afi\u015flerinde s\u0131k s\u0131k \u201cBeyazlar! Balay\u0131 bitti , \u201cBir
\ndevrimci nefretle motive olan so\u011fuk bir \u00f6ld\u00fcrme makinas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmelidir , \u201cBiz
\ni\u00e7 sava\u015fa haz\u0131r\u0131z , \u201c\u00c7ift\u00e7iyi \u00f6ld\u00fcr, topra\u011f\u0131 al! , \u201cBeyazlar! Sizin i\u00e7in
\ngeliyoruz! gibi sloganlar kullan\u0131l\u0131yor. \u015eu anda ald\u0131klar\u0131 destek %10\u2019un
\nalt\u0131nda gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, yerel se\u00e7imlerinde \u00e7ok ciddi ba\u015far\u0131lar elde ettiler.
\nBu da G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da ANC i\u00e7in dengelerin de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fine i\u015faret.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar ya\u015fan\u0131rken, \u00fclkede %9 oran\u0131nda olan \u201cbeyazlar
\nise yava\u015f yava\u015f \u00fclkeyi terk etme planlar\u0131 yap\u0131yor. \u00d6zellikle Aparthayd sonras\u0131
\nku\u015fak kendilerini \u201cbeyazlara ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lan bir \u00fclkede hissettiklerini
\ns\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm gen\u00e7 bir doktora \u00f6\u011frencisi, \u201c\u00dclkemi seviyorum ama
\nburada kalamam, do\u011facak \u00e7ocuklar\u0131ma bunu yapamam, diyordu. Bir\u00e7ok beyaz gen\u00e7,
\n\u00e7ok iyi e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen i\u015f bulmakta \u00e7ok zorland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131
\ns\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. \u0130ngiltere, Avustralya, Amerika ve di\u011fer Avrupa \u00fclkelerine k\u0131sa ve
\nuzun s\u00fcreli g\u00f6\u00e7ler oluyor. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm bir i\u015f kad\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yledi: \u201cHer \u015feyimi
\nsatt\u0131m. Bir bavula s\u0131\u011farak ertesi g\u00fcn ka\u00e7abilecek gibi ya\u015f\u0131yorum\u2026 Rodezya\u2019da ne
\noldu hepimiz biliyoruz. Her ne kadar bu hislerin paranoya olabilece\u011fini
\nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsem de, b\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerin Aparthayd\u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden yirmi y\u0131l sonra h\u00e2l\u00e2
\ndola\u015f\u0131mda olmas\u0131n\u0131 ilgin\u00e7 buluyorum. Ne olursa olsun G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da h\u00e2l\u00e2
\ny\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan ve neredeyse kusursuz haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir anayasa ve de kamu
\nd\u00fczenini demokratik prensipler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir\u00e7ok kurum var
\n(\u00f6rne\u011fin Public Protector). G\u00fcney Afrika buhranl\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemden ge\u00e7iyor ve
\n\u015fiddetli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar e\u015fli\u011finde fakat \u015fiddetsiz bir \u015fekilde d\u00fczl\u00fc\u011fe \u00e7\u0131kacak.<\/p>\n

Ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz ay, \u00fcniversitelerin yaz tatiline girmesiyle
\nberaber ba\u015fka konular g\u00fcndemi me\u015fgul etti. Bunlardan biri Malema\u2019n\u0131n \u201cBeyazlar\u0131
\n\u015fimdilik \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeyece\u011fiz, a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131yd\u0131. Bir di\u011feri ise Zuma hakk\u0131ndaki
\nyolsuzluk raporu. Public Protector (Kamu Denet\u00e7isi) taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan
\n\u201cdevletin ele ge\u00e7irilmesi raporu, Zuma\u2019n\u0131n ve iyi ili\u015fkide oldu\u011fu Hint k\u00f6kenli
\nGupta ailesinin G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019daki gelir kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131na
\nsahip veya hakim oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor. Rapor, ayn\u0131 zamanda, Zuma\u2019n\u0131n devletin
\nkaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da iddia ediyor. Zuma\u2019y\u0131 anlamak
\ni\u00e7in belki de okunmas\u0131 gereken ilk kitap R W Johnson\u2019un How Long Will South
\nAfrica Survive kitab\u0131. Geldi\u011fi yerden hep daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen, ANC\u2019de bile
\nparti ba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ilmesinin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 etkiler hen\u00fcz ge\u00e7memi\u015fken bu kadar
\ny\u00fckselmesinin arka plan\u0131 anlamaya de\u011fer. Zuma bu raporun mahkeme karar\u0131yla su
\ny\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ama ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamad\u0131. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalardan
\nsonra G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019y\u0131 zor bir demokrasi s\u0131nav\u0131 bekliyor. Economist dergisine
\ng\u00f6re bu rapor Zuma\u2019n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Zuma zaten daha \u00f6nce defalarca ba\u015fka su\u00e7lamalarla da g\u00fcndeme
\ngelmi\u015fti. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir kad\u0131n Zuma taraf\u0131ndan tacize u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kamuoyuyla
\npayla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda bu konu ziyadesiyle tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.
\nGazete ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 fazlas\u0131yla i\u015fgal eden -ve asl\u0131nda su\u00e7layan ki\u015fiden \u00e7ok Zuma
\n\u00fczerine odaklanan- bir mahkeme s\u00fcrecinin ard\u0131ndan da su\u00e7suz bulunmu\u015ftu. Ne
\ntesad\u00fcft\u00fcr ki bu su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 yapan ki\u015fi daha sonra Avrupa\u2019da s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma hakk\u0131na
\nba\u015fvurmu\u015ftu. Akademisyen Pumla Dineo Gqola\u2019nin Tecav\u00fcz: Bir G\u00fcney Afrika K\u00e2busu
\nkitabi hem Zuma davas\u0131n\u0131 hem de genel olarak G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck
\nproblemlerinden biri olan tecav\u00fcz gibi konular i\u00e7in \u00e7ok ayd\u0131nlat\u0131c\u0131 bir kaynak.
\nPumla, tecav\u00fcz\u00fcn G\u00fcney Afrika toplumunda nas\u0131l \u201ckabul edilebilir hale
\ngetirildi\u011fini, cezas\u0131zl\u0131k neticesinde bir\u00e7ok kad\u0131n\u0131n polise \u015fik\u00e2yette bile
\nbulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Zuma davas\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar \u00fczerinde nas\u0131l bir etkisi oldu\u011funu
\nanlat\u0131yor. Bu dava hem toplumun tecav\u00fcz gibi konulara genel yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ortaya
\nkoydu hem de sorunun ne kadar derinlerde aranmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi.
\nZuma\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir skandaldan sonra bile yerinde kalarak konumunu g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmesi
\nise ayr\u0131 bir tart\u0131\u015fma konusu. Son olarak \u015fu s\u00f6ylenebilir: Aradan on y\u0131l
\nge\u00e7mesine ra\u011fmen bu konuda bir geli\u015fme s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fil. Y\u0131lda k\u0131rk binden
\nfazla tecav\u00fcz vakas\u0131 istatistiklere ge\u00e7iyor, rapor edilmeyen vakalar oldu\u011funu
\nda tahmin etmek g\u00fc\u00e7 de\u011fil. Bir zamanlar\u0131n en \u00f6nde gelen \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck
\nhareketlerinden birinin lideri hem cinsiyet\u00e7ilik hem de yolsuzluk sembol\u00fc
\nolarak G\u00fcney Afrika’y\u0131 uluslararas\u0131 man\u015fetlere ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Yine Moeletsi Mbeki ve Nobantu Mbeki\u2019nin kitab\u0131ndan bir
\nal\u0131nt\u0131yla bitireyim: \u201cAparthayd d\u00f6neminde kazanan ve kaybedenler belliydi.
\nPost-aparthayd d\u00f6neminde ise kazanan ve kaybeden kavramlar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.
\nYazarlar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor ki, ekonomik ve s\u0131n\u0131fsal perspektiften
\nbakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda her iki d\u00f6nemin de kaybedenleri aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6rt\u00fc\u015fme
\nvar. \u0130\u015fte b\u00fct\u00fcn mesele de burada.<\/p>\n

Kaynaklar<\/p>\n

John Carlin (2013). Knowing Mandela. Atlantic Books.<\/p>\n

Moeletsi Mbeki and Nobantu Mbeki (2016). A Manifesto for
\nSocial Change: How to Save South Africa. Picador Africa.<\/p>\n

R. W. Johnson (2015). How Long Will South Africa Survive?
\nThe Looming Crisis. Jonathan Ball Publishers.<\/p>\n

Niel Barnard (2015). Secret Revolution: Memoirs of a Spy
\nBoss. NB Publishers.<\/p>\n

Allister Sparks (1995). Tomorrow is Another Country: The
\nInside Story of South Africa\u2019s Negotiated Settlement. Jonathan Ball Publishers.<\/p>\n

Alec Russell (2009). After Mandela: The Battle for the Soul
\nof South Africa. Windmill Books.<\/p>\n

Justice Malala (2015). We have now begun our descent: How to
\nstop South Africa losing its way. Jonathan Ball Publishers.<\/p>\n

[i] \u0130lk ziyaretimi Kas\u0131m-Aral\u0131k 2015\u2019te ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdim.
\n\u0130kinci ziyaretim ise Eyl\u00fcl-Aral\u0131k 2016\u2019yd\u0131. \u0130kinci ziyaretimde ara\u015ft\u0131rma projem
\nNational Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa taraf\u0131ndan fonland\u0131. Konuk
\nara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 oldu\u011fum Stellenbosch \u00dcniversitesi\u2019ne ve de NRF\u2019e te\u015fekk\u00fcr ederim.<\/p>\n

Bahar Ba\u015fer \/ Birikim<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00fcrdistan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/strong><\/p>\n

www.lekolin.com – www.lekolin.org – www.lekolin.net \u2013
\nwww.lekolin.info -www.navendalekolin.com -http:\/\/kursam.org\/index.html<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

G\u00fcney Afrikal\u0131 \u00fcnl\u00fc gazeteci Justice Malala 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kitab\u0131na \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle ba\u015fl\u0131yordu: \u201c\u00c7ok k\u0131zg\u0131n\u0131m! \u00c7ok \u00f6fkeliyim. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bunun bizde de olabilece\u011fini hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemi\u015ftim. Ve devam ediyordu. \u201cNe olursa olsun, biz Mandela\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklar\u0131y\u0131z. \u0130\u015fler buraya nas\u0131l geldi? Malala bu \u015fekilde yak\u0131nan entelekt\u00fcel, gazeteci, yazar, akademisyen yahut siyaset\u00e7ilerden sadece biri. Asl\u0131nda son zamanlarda G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da herhangi bir kitap\u00e7\u0131ya girdi\u011finizde en \u00e7ok satanlar listelerinde sizi<\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10046,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","video":"","gallery":"","source_name":"","source_url":"","via_name":"","via_url":"","override_template":"0","override":[{"template":"1","single_blog_custom":"","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"0","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post":"0","trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post":"0","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","sponsored_post_name":"","sponsored_post_url":"","sponsored_post_logo_enable":"0","sponsored_post_logo":"","sponsored_post_desc":""},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""},"jnews_social_meta":{"fb_title":"","fb_description":"","fb_image":"","twitter_title":"","twitter_description":"","twitter_image":""},"jnews_override_counter":{"override_view_counter":"0","view_counter_number":"0","override_share_counter":"0","share_counter_number":"0","override_like_counter":"0","like_counter_number":"0","override_dislike_counter":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"enable_post_split":"0","post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[2382,2386,32,140,2385,2380,2381,1192,31,36,33,30,781,65,2384,2383,35,34],"class_list":["post-10045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-basindan-secmeler","tag-afrika","tag-anlayabilmek","tag-arastirma","tag-bir","tag-bugunu","tag-catisma","tag-cozumu","tag-guney","tag-kurdi","tag-kurdish","tag-kurdistan","tag-lekolin","tag-modeli","tag-olarak","tag-perspektifinden","tag-post-apartheid","tag-turkish","tag-turkiye"],"acf":[],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10045"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10045\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10167,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10045\/revisions\/10167"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10046"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10045"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10045"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}