Di \u00e7end meh\u00ean bor\u00ee de, 20\u2019em\u00een civ\u00eena bilind a \u00e7aral\u00ee li Astana \u00fb pi\u015ftre ji bo kom\u00eeserhevkirina endam\u00ean NATO y\u00ean belavb\u00fby\u00ee \u00fb ji qontrol\u00ea derketine di \u00e7er\u00e7oveya konsepteke n\u00fb ya di Rojhilata Nav\u00een de, biryar\u00ean hatine dan\u00een p\u00eak b\u00een\u00eenin hevd\u00eetin\u00ean t\u00ean kirin,\u00a0 dewleta Tirk a fa\u015f\u00eest \u00fb dagirker di nav l\u00eager\u00eena xwestina pi\u015ftgiriya ya ji bo politikaya xwe ya \u00eenkar \u00fb \u00eemha ya di \u015fexs\u00ea R\u00eaber Apo \u00fb Tevgera Azadiya Kurd de dixwaze li ser gel\u00ea Kurd bime\u015f\u00eene, pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean wekalet \u00fb tifaq\u00ean ku ji aliy\u00ea du h\u00eaz\u00ean blok \u00ean DYA \u00fb R\u00fbsya li ser h\u00eaz\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea, aloz\u00ee \u00fb nakokiy\u00ean ku di statukoya Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea de derketine hol\u00ea \u00fb hewldan\u00ean hem\u00fb h\u00eaz\u00ean li her\u00eam\u00ean Tenef \u00fb D\u00earezor\u00ea ji bo berjewendiy\u00ean xwe e\u015f\u00eeret\u00ean herem\u00ea dixwazin bik\u015f\u00eenin aliy\u00ea xwe \u00fb bi wan bidin me\u015fandin \u00fb hwd\u2026 Ev hem\u00fb ge\u015fedan \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean bi lez\u00fbbez \u00fb tevl\u00eehev bi \u00e7i ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye \u00fb div \u00ea hevk\u00ea\u015fey\u00ea de j\u00ee xeta boriya petrole ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas (Lazikiye) ku wek alternat\u00eefa Xeta Petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Ceyhan (Edene) ya Tirkiy\u00ea ye, em \u00ea bal\u00ea bik\u015f\u00eenin ser giringiya w\u00ea. Sedema bidestgirtina v\u00ea mijar\u00ee ew e ku dema me li hin \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean vekir\u00ee \u00fb ve\u015fart\u00ee, \u015fopandin, dan\u00fbstandin\u00ean d\u00eeplomat\u00eek \u00ean di navb\u00eara h\u00eazan din\u00earin \u00fb her wiha agahiy\u00ean ku di derbar\u00ea hin plan\u00ean operasyon\u00ean taybet ku her \u00e7iqas q\u00fbt q\u00fbt\u00ee bin j\u00ee me d\u00eet ku di van genge\u015f\u00ee \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fketin\u00ean daw\u00ee de gir\u00eengiya bazirganiya neft\u00ea (petrole) derdikeve hol\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Em dixwazin bin\u00ea w\u00ea d\u00fbbare x\u00eaz bikin ku; p\u00ea\u015fketin, \u00eet\u00eefaq, p\u00eav\u00e7\u00fbn an j\u00ee \u015fer, hevsengiy\u00ean siyas\u00ee y\u00ean di herem\u00ea de diqewimin hem\u00fb bi Xeta Boriya Petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas an j\u00ee gi\u015ft\u00ee bazirganiya petrole ve gir\u00ea bidin d\u00ea \u015fa\u015f be, jixwe armanca me j\u00ee ne ew e. \u00a0L\u00ea bel\u00ea daxuyaniy\u00ean Wez\u00eer\u00ea Kar\u00ean Derve y\u00ea hik\u00fbmeta fa\u015f\u00eest a AKP-MHP’\u00ea Hakan F\u00eedan \u00ean di hevd\u00eetin\u00ean Bexda \u00fb Hewl\u00ear\u00ea de kir\u00ee plana \u00ear\u00ee\u015fa mezin a li hember\u00ee Her\u00eam\u00ean Parastin\u00ea y\u00ean Medyay\u00ea, pev\u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb aloziy\u00ean li Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea \u00fb hwd. Rew\u015fa nakokiyan \u00fb \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean li ser Tenef \u00fb D\u00earezor\u00ea girantir b\u00fbne yek ji leng\u00ean her\u00ee gir\u00eeng a v\u00ea hevk\u00ea\u015fiy\u00ea (denklemi) bazariya petrol\u00ea em nikarin pa\u015fguh bikin. Bi gotineke din, neft ne ten\u00ea di war\u00ea sotemeniy\u00ea de, ji bo heb\u00fbn an j\u00ee bicihkirina h\u00eazan j\u00ee weke hincetek gir\u00eeng e.<\/p>\n
Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ee em d\u00ea di v\u00ea dosya-anal\u00eez\u00ea de jibil\u00ee destp\u00eaka \u00e7\u00eakirina Xeta Boriya Petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas\u00ea, r\u00eajey\u00ean abor\u00ee, di heman dem\u00ee de bandora v\u00ea xeta boriy\u00ea ya li ser t\u00eakiliy\u00ean navb\u00eara di ser\u00ee de S\u00fbriye-Iraq \u00fb hem\u00fb h\u00eaz\u00ean navnetewey\u00ee \u00fb herem\u00ee ya li ser herem\u00ea bigirin dest.<\/p>\n
AVAKIRIN \u00db GIR\u00ceNGIYA XETA P\u00caTROL\u00ca KERK\u00dbK-BANYAS<\/strong><\/p>\n Xeta boriya petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas Em dikarin zeviy\u00ean petrol\u00ea y\u00ean Iraq\u00ea bikin s\u00ea par\u00e7e: Bakur\u00ea Iraq\u00ea, Iraqa Nav\u00een \u00fb Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Iraq\u00ea. Li her\u00eama bi nav\u00ea Bakur\u00ea Iraq\u00ea b\u00eer\u00ean petrol\u00ea y\u00ean M\u00fbsil \u00fb Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea hene. N\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee ji sed\u00ee 25 ya rezerwey\u00ean petrol\u00ea y\u00ean Iraq\u00ea ji b\u00eer\u00ean petrol\u00ea y\u00ean Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea t\u00ea derxistin. Her\u00eama \u00ceraqa Nav\u00een li ser s\u00eenor\u00ea \u00ceran \u00fb Iraq\u00ea ye, l\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea rezerv\u00ean petrol\u00ea ve ne dewlemend e. Her\u00eama Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Iraq\u00ea dikeve ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea rojavay\u00ea bajar\u00ea Besray\u00ea. Ke\u015ffa v\u00ea her\u00eam\u00ea di navbera sal\u00ean 1953 \u00fb 1958\u2019an de p\u00eak hatiye. Li v\u00ea her\u00eam\u00ea bi gi\u015ft\u00ee 75 b\u00eer t\u00ean xebitandin. Dema em li rezerv\u00ean welat\u00ean OPEC\u2019\u00ea y\u00ean sala 1980\u2019\u00ea din\u00earin, pi\u015ft\u00ee Erebistana Si\u00fbd\u00ee welat\u00ea ku her\u00ee z\u00eade rezerw\u00ean neft\u00ea l\u00ea ye, bi 59 milyar berm\u00eelan rezerwe (berhem\u00ean petrol\u00ea) heye. Dema em li r\u00eajeya berheman\u00eena petrol\u00ea din\u00earin, Iraq bi 131.1 milyon ton berheman\u00eena petrol\u00ea di r\u00eaza duyem de ye di nav welat\u00ean OPEC\u00ea de, l\u00ea di pileya c\u00eehan\u00ee de li pa\u015f e. Ev rew\u015f b\u00ea\u00eestiqrariya Iraq\u00ea di hinartina petrol\u00ea de n\u00ee\u015fan dide. Iraq ku di war\u00ea rezerv\u00ean petrol\u00ea y\u00ean pi\u015ftrastkir\u00ee de di c\u00eehan\u00ea de duyem\u00een e, dema ku em rezerv\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean neft\u00ea y\u00ean ku nehatine \u00eesbatkirin li ber \u00e7avan bigirin, berendam\u00ea serkirdayetiya rezerva petrol\u00ea ya c\u00eehan\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n Bajar\u00ea Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea ji bo Iraq\u00ea xwed\u00ee gir\u00eengiyeke cuda ye. Yekem petrola Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea di sala 1927an de ji b\u00eera Baba Gurgur hat derxistin. Li gor\u00ee daney\u00ean \u00c7ED’\u00ea ji sed\u00ee 40’\u00ea nefta ku li Iraq\u00ea t\u00ea hilberandin ji b\u00eer\u00ean petrol\u00ea y\u00ean Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea t\u00ea derxistin. Gir\u00eengiya Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea ji bo Iraq\u00ea ba\u015ftir t\u00ea f\u00eamkirin ku dema ku di sal\u00ean 2000-2001 de li Iraq\u00ea rojane 2.5 milyon berm\u00eel berheman\u00eena petrol\u00ea b\u00fb, milyonek berm\u00eel j\u00ee ji Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea dihat. Ji ber b\u00ea\u00eestiqrariya her\u00eama Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea, bi hem\u00fb h\u00eaza xwe hinardekirin (kapasite) nay\u00ea kirin. Ger kapas\u00eeteya tevah\u00ee were bikar an\u00een, d\u00ea bi qas\u00ee 1,6 milyar berm\u00eel were hinardekirin. S\u00fbriye ji ber cih\u00ea xwe y\u00ea jeopol\u00eet\u00eek hem welatek\u00ee Rojhilata Nav\u00een \u00fb hem j\u00ee li Deryaya Nav\u00een e. \u00c7avkaniy\u00ean her\u00ee gir\u00eeng \u00ean bin erd\u00ea y\u00ean S\u00fbriyey\u00ea neft \u00fb gaza xwezay\u00ee ne. Li gor\u00ee daney\u00ean BP’\u00ea y\u00ean sala 2018’an 2,5 milyar berm\u00eel rezerv\u00ean petrol\u00ea hene. Ew j\u00ee bi sed\u00ee 0.2 ji rezerv\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea re t\u00eakildar e. S\u00fbriye, di ser Deryaya Sip\u00ee re digih\u00ea Ewropa \u00fb Asyay\u00ea \u00fb di ser riya rojhilat\u00ea Behra Sip\u00ee j\u00ee digih\u00ea Afr\u00eekay\u00ea. S\u00fbriye welatek\u00ee p\u00eaw\u00eest e ji bo dewlet\u00ean ku serdest\u00ea R\u00eaya \u00cepek\u00ea ye, ku yek ji riy\u00ean bazirganiy\u00ea y\u00ean gir\u00eeng di d\u00eerok\u00ea de ye. Welat\u00ean ku R\u00eaya Biharat\u00ea kontrol dikin \u00fb niha ji d\u00fbr ve Kanala S\u00fbwey\u015f\u00ea kontrol dikin \u00fb dixwazin ku serdestiy\u00ea ser Deryaya Sp\u00ee ya wek\u00ee r\u00eayek alternat\u00eef ji Kendava Basray\u00ea re bikin S\u00fbriye ji bo wan welateke j\u00eaneger e. Di war\u00ea kal\u00eeteya petrol\u00ea \u00fb l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean derxistina petrol\u00ea de li gor\u00ee welat\u00ean din \u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een pir biha ye. Petrol cara yekem di sala 1956\u2019an de li S\u00fbriy\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea \u015firketeke Amer\u00eek\u00ee ve hat d\u00eetin.<\/p>\n Yekem hilber\u00eena petrol\u00ea di sala 1959 de dest p\u00ea kir. Di sala 1968’an de hilber\u00eena petrol\u00ea 1 m\u00eelyon ton b\u00fb, ev hejmar bi salan z\u00eade b\u00fbye. Hilber\u00eena her\u00ee z\u00eade ya petrol\u00ea di sala 2002 de 32,7 m\u00eelyon ton b\u00fb. Di sala 2011an de, ji ber \u015fer\u00ea navxwey\u00ee li S\u00fbriy\u00ea, berheman\u00eena petrol\u00ea 16,9 milyon ton b\u00fb, l\u00ea li gor\u00ee sala bor\u00ee bi qas\u00ee ji sed\u00ee 50 k\u00eam b\u00fb \u00fb daket 8,1 milyon ton. Di sala 2018an de berheman\u00eena petrol\u00ea 1,1 milyon ton b\u00fb. S\u00fbriye j\u00ee ji bo petrola Iraq \u00fb Erebistana Si\u00fbd\u00ee bi r\u00eaya boriyan deriy\u00ea Deryaya Sip\u00ee ava dike. Li S\u00fbriy\u00ea 3 bender\u00ean (l\u00eeman) sereke hene bi nav\u00ea Laziqiye, Tartus \u00fb Banyas. Di dema ku hinardekirina nefta wel\u00eat bi r\u00eaya bendera Banyas t\u00ea dab\u00eenkirin, bazirganiya neft\u00ea j\u00ee bi r\u00eaya bender\u00ean Laziqiy\u00ea \u00fb Tartus\u00ea t\u00ea kirin. Di sala 1930\u2019an de ji aliy\u00ea \u015e\u00eerketa Petrola Iraq\u00ea (IPC) ve projeyek boriya petrol\u00ea hate amadekirin da ku petrola xav (xam) bi r\u00eaya Deryaya Sp\u00ee re bi\u015f\u00eene Ewropay\u00ea. Xeta boriya ku ji petrola Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea ya li Bakur\u00ea Iraq\u00ea heta bajar\u00ea Hed\u00eese y\u00ea Iraq\u00ea dir\u00eaj dibe, ji w\u00ea der\u00ea bi du aliyan ve hatiye dabe\u015fkirin. Xeta yekem digih\u00eeje Trablus\u00ea \u00fb ya din j\u00ee digih\u00eeje Bendera Heyfa ya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea.<\/p>\n \u00c7\u00eakirina boriya petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Heyfa di sala 1934an de bi daw\u00ee b\u00fb. Herik\u00eena petrol\u00ea heta sala 1948an berdewam kir. Xeta Petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Heyfay\u00ea ji ber nakokiya Ereb-\u00cesra\u00eel ku di sala 1948an de bi avakirina Dewleta \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea derketib\u00fb, hat girtin. Ev boriye p\u00ea\u015fgotina xeta petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas b\u00fb. Di sala 1950 de, ji bo veguhestina petrola Iraq\u00ea bo Trablus \u00fb Bendera Banyas, ji aliy\u00ea \u015f\u00eerketa (kompaniya) petrol\u00ea ya BP ya Br\u00eetan\u00ee ve boriya petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas dest p\u00ea kir. Ev xeta boriy\u00ea di 23\u00ea N\u00eesan\u00ea de bi daw\u00ee b\u00fb \u00fb di 18\u00ea Mijdara 1952an de bi meras\u00eemek\u00ea ku \u015fah\u00ea Iraq\u00ea Feysel \u00ea Duyem\u00een \u00fb dewlet\u00ean din be\u015fdar b\u00fbn hat vekirin. R\u00eaya her du boriy\u00ean paralel \u00ean ku di sala 1950 de li ser hatib\u00fb lihevkirin, d\u00ea ji Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea derbas\u00ee Bendera Trablus\u00ea ya Lubnan\u00ea bibe \u00fb xeta duyem\u00een j\u00ee d\u00ea di navbera Kerk\u00fbk-Tart\u00fbs-Banyas de derbas bibe. Dir\u00eajahiya gi\u015ft\u00ee ya Xet\u00ea 1410 km \u00fb kapas\u00eeteya barkirina w\u00ea ya salane 35 milyon ton e. Z\u00eadeb\u00fbna hilber\u00eena neft\u00ea ya pi\u015ft\u00ee boriyan ketin meriyet\u00ea di daneyan de xwe n\u00ee\u015fan da. Di sala 1951’an de hilber\u00eena rojane ya petrol\u00ea 177 hezar \u00fb 929 berm\u00eel b\u00fb, di sala 1952’an de j\u00ee 384 hezar \u00fb 326 berm\u00eel b\u00fb. Di \u00e7ar meh\u00ean destp\u00eak\u00ea y\u00ean sala 1952’an de r\u00eajeya rojane ya hilber\u00eena petrol\u00ea bi qas\u00ee 854 hezar \u00fb 740 berm\u00eel b\u00fb. Di sala 1951\u00ea de berheman\u00eena rojane ji k\u00ealgeha petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea 322 hezar \u00fb 627 \u00fb di sala 1952an de j\u00ee 449 hezar berm\u00eel b\u00fbye. Ji ber ku ev her du boriy\u00ean bi hem\u00fb h\u00eaza xwe kar nakin, rojane 475 hezar berm\u00eel petrol hildigirin.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Xeta boriy\u00ea di nava 4 meh\u00ean pi\u015ft\u00ee ku ket meriyet\u00ea de bi gi\u015ft\u00ee milyonek \u00fb 970 hezar \u00fb 500 berm\u00eel hilgirt. 800 km ji van boriyan xeta boriya petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas \u00fb y\u00ean may\u00ee j\u00ee xeta boriya petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Trablus\u00ea ne. Dema ku boriya petrol\u00ea bikeve meriyet\u00ea, kapas\u00eeteya hinardekirina petrol\u00ea ya Iraq\u00ea d\u00ea sal\u00ea 26 milyon ton be \u00fb d\u00ea 42 milyon dolar dahat\u00ea peyda bike. Xeta petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas 81 cm dir\u00eaj e \u00fb rojane 300 hezar berm\u00eel e. Her sal 14 milyon ton nefta w\u00ea pompe dike. Heger boriya petrol\u00ea bi hem\u00fb h\u00eaza xwe kar bikira, ji sed\u00ee 41\u00ea petrola Iraq\u00ea di sala 1955an de, %28 di sala 1960 de \u00fb %21 j\u00ee di sala 1965an de bi r\u00eaya boriya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas dihat veguhestin. L\u00ea bel\u00ea ji ber b\u00ea\u00eestiqrariya Iraq\u00ea rojane 150 hezar heta 250 hezar berm\u00eel petrol hildigire. Di v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea de %15\u00ea nefta ku di sala 1965an de hatiye berheman\u00een bi r\u00eaya boriya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas\u00ea hatiye veguhestin. Di navbera sal\u00ean 1950 \u00fb 1960\u00ee de, Iraq\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee 40 milyon ton petrol hilberand. Ev hilber bi saya boriy\u00ean ku di sala 1952’an de hatin tetb\u00eeqkirin \u00fb b\u00eer\u00ean petrol\u00ea y\u00ean li her\u00eama Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Iraq\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ee hilber\u00een\u00ea b\u00fbn, p\u00eak hat. Di sala 1951’an de hilber\u00eena petrol\u00ea 8,9 m\u00eelyon ton b\u00fb, di sala 1954’an de 31,3 m\u00eelyon ton \u00fb di 1960 de 49 m\u00eelyon ton z\u00eade b\u00fb. Pi\u015ft\u00ee v\u00ea sal\u00ea hilber\u00eena petrol\u00ea di sala 1980\u2019an de gihi\u015ft asta her\u00ee bilind \u00fb giha\u015ft 138,2 milyon ton. Bi projeya boriya petrol\u00ea ya Kerk\u00fbk-Banyas re, armanc dike ku petrola Iraq\u00ea ji Bendera Banyas\u00ea derbas\u00ee Deryaya Sip\u00ee bibe. Bi v\u00ea projey\u00ea petrola ku ji Rojhilata Nav\u00een t\u00ea derxistin d\u00ea di ser Deryaya Sp\u00ee re bigih\u00ea bazara Ewropay\u00ea \u00fb d\u00ea dahat\u00ea j\u00ee bide welat\u00ean ku welat\u00ean trans\u00eet in. Di sala 1955an de, di navbera hik\u00fbmet\u00ean Iraq \u00fb S\u00fbriy\u00ea de lihevkirinek hat kirin ku qazanc\u00ean ji dahat\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee wekhev parve bikin.<\/p>\n