Ziman ew s\u00eestema dan\u00fbstandin\u00ea ye ku ji deng, sembol \u00fb r\u00eazikan p\u00eak t\u00ea ku mirov bi r\u00eaya w\u00ee hest \u00fb raman\u00ean xwe derdibire. Ziman di navbera p\u00ea\u015feroj \u00fb pa\u015feroj\u00ea da veguh\u00eazer\u00ea \u00e7and, d\u00eerok \u00fb b\u00eera civak\u00ea ye. Di nav d\u00eeyardey\u00ean -\u00e7and, d\u00eerok, erdn\u00eegar\u00ee \u00fb bawer\u00ee- nasname \u00fb netewey\u00ea da d\u00eeyardeya her\u00ee giring ziman e.<\/p>\n
Li ser r\u00fby\u00ea dinyay\u00ea, texm\u00een\u00ee 6 hezar ziman \u00fb 10 hezar zarava t\u00ean axaftin. Li gor UNESCO\u2019y\u00ea, ji van zimanan ji sed\u00ee \u00a040\u2019\u00ea ziman\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea di bin metirs\u00eeya windab\u00fbn\u00ea da ne ku t\u00ea w\u00ea watay\u00ea 2 hezar \u00fb 400 ziman di bin metirs\u00eey\u00ea da ne. Her wiha ji 6 hezar zimanan ten\u00ea 170-200 ziman wek\u00ee ziman\u00ean ferm\u00ee ne, ev t\u00ea w\u00ea watay\u00ea ku 5 hezar \u00fb 800 ziman ne xwed\u00ee statuyeka ferm\u00ee ne \u00fb n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee 700-800 ziman\u00ee wek\u00ee ziman\u00ean perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea ne, mebest j\u00ea axiver\u00ean 5 hezar \u00fb 200 zimanan ne bi ziman\u00ea xwe y\u00ea dayik\u00ea l\u00ea bel\u00ea bi zimanek\u00ea serdest perwerdey\u00ea dib\u00eenin.<\/p>\n
Ev 6 hezar ziman j\u00ee li gor wekhev\u00ee \u00fb cudah\u00eey\u00ean xwe \u00fb n\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbn \u00fb d\u00fbrb\u00fbna xwe, dabe\u015f\u00ee malbatan, ji malbatan dabe\u015f\u00ee \u015faxan, ji \u015faxan dabe\u015f\u00ee zimanan, ji zimanan dabe\u015f\u00ee zaravayan \u00fb ji zaravayan j\u00ee dabe\u015f\u00ee j\u00earzaravayan\/devokan dibin. \u00cero, n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee 20 malbat\u00ean zimanan hene, l\u00ea 5\u2019\u00ea wan malbatan -Hind-Ewrop\u00ee, Ham\u00ee-Sam\u00ee, \u00c7\u00een-Tibet, Bant\u00fb \u00fb Ural-Altay- wek\u00ee malbat\u00ean sereke t\u00ean qeb\u00fblkirin.<\/p>\n
MALBATA ZIMAN\u00ca KURD\u00ce <\/strong><\/p>\n Di nav malbat\u00ean zimanan da, malbata her\u00ee mezin malbata Hind-Ewrop\u00ee ye. Kurd\u00ee ji koma ziman\u00ean \u00eeran\u00ee ye ku di nav malbata ziman\u00ean Hind-Ewrop\u00ee da ye. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee, faris\u00ee, pe\u015ft\u00fby\u00ee \u00fb bel\u00fbc\u00ee z\u00eadetir di\u015fibin hev. Kurd bi ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee dipeyivin \u00fb ji kom\u00ean kurmanc, soran, zaza, goran, kelh\u00fbr-feyl\u00ee, lek \u00fb loran p\u00eak t\u00ea \u00fb ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee j\u00ee ji zaravay\u00ean van koman p\u00eak t\u00ea.<\/p>\n Nif\u00fbsa kurdan di navbera 36 \u00fb 46 milyonan da t\u00ea qeb\u00fblkirin. Piran\u00eeya kurdan li Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb di nav Kurdistan\u00ea da j\u00ee her\u00ee z\u00eade li par\u00e7ey\u00ea bakur\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, pi\u015ftra rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, pa\u015f\u00ea ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb pi\u015ftra rojavay\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea dij\u00een. Li dervey\u00ee Kurdistan\u00ea li bajar\u00ean mezin \u00ean S\u00fbr\u00eeye, Tirk\u00eeye, \u00ceran \u00fb \u00ceraq\u00ea hejmareka kurdan heye. Herwiha hejmareka ba\u015f li \u201cR\u00fbsya, Ermenistan, Almanya, Fransa, Sw\u00ead \u00fb hwd\u201d heye.<\/p>\n DU D\u00ceROK \u00caN BANDORA XWE LI KURDAN KIR\u00ceYE<\/strong><\/p>\n Di d\u00eeroka kurdan da du d\u00eerokan -1639 \u00fb 1923- pir bandor li kurdan kir\u00eeye ku \u00eero rew\u015fa hey\u00ee ya kurdan encama van d\u00eerokan e. \u00c7i giring\u00eeya van d\u00eerokan heye? Ji ber ku cara yekem her\u00eama Kurdistan\u00ea di sala 1639\u2019an da bi Peymana Qesra \u015e\u00eer\u00een\u00ea ku di navbera \u00cemperator\u00eeya Osman\u00ee \u00fb Sefew\u00ee da b\u00fb, hat par\u00e7ekirin. Di sala 1923\u2019yan da j\u00ee bi Peymana Lozan\u00ea par\u00e7ey\u00ea ku di nav s\u00eenor\u00ean \u00cemperator\u00eeya Osman\u00ee da mab\u00fb, di nav s\u00ea dewlet\u00ean n\u00fb -Tirk\u00eeye, S\u00fbr\u00eeye \u00fb \u00ceraq- da hat par\u00e7ekirin. \u00cero, ev 102 sal e ku Kurdistan di navbera 4 dewletan -Tirk\u00eeye, \u00ceran, S\u00fbr\u00eeye \u00fb \u00ceraq- da par\u00e7ekir\u00ee ye. Bi v\u00ea par\u00e7eb\u00fbn\u00ea ne ten\u00ea Kurdistan, l\u00ea bel\u00ea gel\u00ea kurd, ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7anda kurd\u00ee j\u00ee hatin par\u00e7ekirin. Gel, ziman \u00fb \u00e7anda kurd\u00ee ket bin desthilatdariya 3 netewe, 3 ziman \u00fb 3 \u00e7and\u00ean cuda. Her yek\u00ea ji van desthilatdariyan, pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean cur bi cur ji bo tunekirin \u00fb as\u00eem\u00eelekirina kurdan dan me\u015fandin.<\/p>\n Heta sal\u00ean daw\u00ee, ji ber neb\u00fbna r\u00eaveber\u00eeyeka kurdan, mirov nikare behsa zimanek\u00ea yekgirt\u00ee y\u00ea kurd\u00ee bike. Ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee ji zaravayan p\u00eak t\u00ea, l\u00ea eger em bib\u00eajin \u00e7end in \u00fb k\u00eejan in, \u00e7i heyf e ku di nav \u00e7avkan\u00eey\u00ean zanist\u00ee da j\u00ee der bar\u00ea nav \u00fb hejmar\u00ea da lihevkirinek n\u00eene. Bi gelemper\u00ee, mirov dikare behsa \u00e7ar n\u00ear\u00eenan -du, \u00e7ar, p\u00eanc \u00fb \u015fe\u015f- bike. \u00can ku dib\u00eajin du zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee hene, mebest j\u00ea kurmanc\u00ee \u00fb soran\u00ee ye; y\u00ean ku dib\u00eajin \u00e7ar in, li gel kurmanc\u00ee \u00fb soran\u00ee, zazak\u00ee \u00fb hewram\u00eey\u00ea j\u00ee z\u00eade dikin; \u00ean ku dib\u00eajin p\u00eanc in, li kurmanc\u00ee, soran\u00ee, zazak\u00ee \u00fb hewram\u00eey\u00ea, kurd\u00eeya ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ee j\u00ee z\u00eade dikin \u00fb y\u00ean ku dib\u00eajin \u015fe\u015f in, li gel kurmanc\u00ee, soran\u00ee zazak\u00ee\/kirmanck\u00ee \u00fb hewram\u00eey\u00ea, ji kurd\u00eeya ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ee \u201clek\u00ee\u201dy\u00ea derdixin \u00fb wek\u00ee zaravayek\u00ea serbixwe n\u00ee\u015fan didin.<\/p>\n Mirov dikare v\u00ea lihevnekirin\u00ea bi du xalan binirx\u00eene: Xala yekem, p\u00eevan\u00ean navnetewey\u00ee y\u00ean ku ziman\u00ee ji zaravay\u00ea \u00fb zarava ji devok\u00ea cuda dikin, ne d\u00eeyar in. Xala duyem, heta sal\u00ean daw\u00ee hem neb\u00fbna r\u00eaveber\u00eeyeka kurdan hem j\u00ee pejirandina s\u00eeyaseta yekziman\u00eeya desthilatdar\u00ean kurdan, nehi\u015ft\u00eeye ku kurd bi her away\u00ee li ser zarava \u00fb devok\u00ean zaravay\u00ean xwe xebat\u00ean zanist\u00ee bikin, danberhevkirin\u00ea di nav wan da bikin da ku bikarin wekhev\u00ee \u00fb cudah\u00eeya wan bipeyit\u00eenin. Bi ya me, ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee ji p\u00eanc zaravayan -kurd\u00eeya kurmanc\u00ee, kurd\u00eeya soran\u00ee, kurd\u00eeya zazak\u00ee, kurd\u00eeya hewram\u00ee \u00fb kurd\u00eeya ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ee- p\u00eak t\u00ea.<\/p>\n STANDARDA KURMANC\u00ce BI AWAYEK\u00ca S\u00ceSTEMAT\u00ceK <\/strong><\/p>\n Kurd\u00eeya kurmanc\u00ee li \u00e7ar par\u00e7ey\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea -bakur, ba\u015f\u00fbr, rojhilat \u00fb rojava- t\u00ea axaftin. Di nav zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee da zaravay\u00ea ku her\u00ee z\u00eade t\u00ea axaftin, kurmanc\u00ee ye \u00fb di heman dem\u00ea da ji al\u00eey\u00ea kom\u00ean kurd\u00ean din ve j\u00ee zaravay\u00ea ku her\u00ee z\u00eade t\u00ea zan\u00een, ev zarava ye. Axiver\u00ean v\u00ee zaravay\u00ee, xwe bi nav\u00ea \u201ckurmanc \u00fb kirmanc\u201d \u00fb zaravay\u00ea xwe j\u00ee\u00a0 bi \u201ckurmanc\u00ee \u00fb kirmanc\u00ee\u201d bi nav dikin. Kurd\u00eeya kurmanc\u00ee ji s\u00ea j\u00earzaravayan -ba\u015f\u00fbrrojhilat\u00ee, ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ee \u00fb rojavay\u00ee- p\u00eak t\u00ea. Standarda kurmanc\u00ee bi awayek\u00ea s\u00eestemat\u00eek, yekem car ji al\u00eey\u00ea Celadet Bedirxan\u00ee ve pi\u015ft\u00ee sal\u00ean 1930\u2019\u00ee dest p\u00ea kir\u00eeye. Kurmanc\u00eeya niv\u00eesk\u00ee ya \u00eeroy\u00een, li ser bingeha Celadet Bedirxan\u00ee ava b\u00fbye \u00fb di sal\u00ean 1980\u2019y\u00ee da ji al\u00eey\u00ea rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ean ko\u00e7ber\u00ean Ewropay\u00ea ve \u00fb ji sal\u00ean 1990\u2019\u00ee \u00fb p\u00ea da j\u00ee ji al\u00eey\u00ea enst\u00eetu \u00fb saz\u00eey\u00ean kurd\u00ee ve hat\u00eeye bip\u00ea\u015fxistin. Niha, di kurmanc\u00eey\u00ea da standardeka niv\u00eesk\u00ee heye ku tev\u00ee \u00e7end xal\u00ean n\u00eeqa\u015fbar, k\u00eam-z\u00eade ji al\u00eey\u00ea hem\u00fb kurdan ve t\u00ea bikaran\u00een. Kurd\u00eeya kurmanc\u00ee bi s\u00ea alfabeyan -aram\u00ee, lat\u00een\u00ee \u00fb kir\u00eel\u00ee- hat\u00eeye niv\u00ees\u00een. Li bakur \u00fb rojavay\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea ev zarava ji sala 1932\u2019yan ve bi alfabeya lat\u00een\u00ee, li ba\u015f\u00fbr \u00fb rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea bi alfabeya aram\u00ee t\u00ea niv\u00ees\u00een. Kurd\u00eeya kurmanc\u00ee li Sovyeta ber\u00ea bi alfabeya kir\u00eel\u00ee hat\u00eeye niv\u00ees\u00een, l\u00ea \u00eero kurd\u00ean Sovyet\u00ea alfabeya lat\u00een\u00ee bi kar t\u00eenin. Bikaran\u00eena du alfabey\u00ean cuda y\u00ean kurmanc\u00ee, dibe ku di p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea da bibe sedema du standard\u00ean cuda wek\u00ee kurmanc\u00eeya bakur \u00fb behd\u00een\u00ee.<\/p>\n PERWERDEYA ZIMAN <\/strong><\/p>\n \u00cero, li rojavay\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea ji sala 2012\u2019an ve zaravay\u00ea kurmanc\u00ee derbas\u00ee dibistanan b\u00fbye \u00fb ji sala 2014an ve j\u00ee hem wek\u00ee ziman\u00ea resm\u00ee hem j\u00ee ziman\u00ea perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea hat\u00eeye qeb\u00fblkirin. Li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, li gel zaravay\u00ea soran\u00ee, di nav her\u00eam\u00ean kurmanc\u00eeaxivan da, devoka behd\u00een\u00ee b\u00fbye ziman\u00ea perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea. Zaravay\u00ea kurmanc\u00ee\/behd\u00een\u00ee ji sala 1998an ve li dibistanan (seretay\u00ee) b\u00fbye ziman\u00ea perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea. Ji 2014-2015an ve ji seretay\u00ee heya zan\u00eengehan, hem\u00fb perwerde bi behd\u00een\u00ee ye. Li bakur\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, zaravay\u00ea kurmanc\u00ee ne xwed\u00ee statuyeka ferm\u00ee ye. L\u00ea bi awayek\u00ea s\u00eenordar be j\u00ee di qad\u00ean wek\u00ee \u00e7apemen\u00ee, hiq\u00fbq, perwerde \u00fb s\u00eeyaset\u00ea da t\u00ea bikaran\u00een. Kurmanc\u00ee ji sala 2011an ve, li hin zan\u00eengehan be\u015f\u00ean wek\u00ee l\u00eesans, master \u00fb doktoray\u00ea hene \u00fb ji sala 2012an ve j\u00ee li dibistanan wek\u00ee derseka bijarte ders t\u00ea day\u00een. Herwiha li hin saz\u00eeyan j\u00ee ast\u00ean kurmanc\u00ee t\u00ean day\u00een. Li rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee ne xwed\u00ee statuyeka ferm\u00ee ye. Di \u00e7apemen\u00eey\u00ea da kurd\u00ee likar e \u00fb li hin zan\u00eengeh\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ea ders\u00ean ziman \u00fb edeb\u00eeyata kurd\u00ee hene. Ji sala 2015an ve li zan\u00eengeha Kurdistan\u00ea be\u015fa ziman \u00fb w\u00eajeya kurd\u00ee heye.<\/p>\n Kurd\u00eeya soran\u00ee li ba\u015f\u00fbr \u00fb rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea t\u00ea axaftin. Ji al\u00eey\u00ea hejmara axiveran ve pi\u015ft\u00ee kurmanc\u00eey\u00ea, soran\u00ee zaravay\u00ea duyem e. Soran li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea xwe bi nav\u00ea \u201ckurd\u201d \u00fb zaravay\u00ea xwe j\u00ee bi nav\u00ea \u201ckurd\u00ee\u201d \u00fb li rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea xwe bi nav\u00ea \u201ckurd\u201d \u00fb zaravay\u00ea xwe j\u00ee bi nav\u00ea \u201csoran\u00ee\u201d bi nav dikin.\u00a0 Zaravay\u00ea soran\u00ee her\u00e7end ji al\u00eey\u00ea niv\u00ees\u00een\u00ea ve dereng dest p\u00ea kiribe j\u00ee, ji sedsala 19em ve bi p\u00ea\u015f ket\u00eeye \u00fb ji al\u00eey\u00ea w\u00eajey\u00ea ve ber\u00ee zaravay\u00ean din ge\u015f b\u00fbye. Soran\u00ee di serdema Babanan da b\u00fbye xwed\u00ee prest\u00eej. Di destp\u00eak\u00ea da soran\u00ee li ser devoka baban\u00ee b\u00fbye ziman\u00ea niv\u00eesk\u00ee, l\u00ea pi\u015ftra bi bandora hewl\u00ear\u00ee, mukr\u00eeyan\u00ee \u00fb erdelan\u00eeyan dewlemend b\u00fbye. Kurd\u00eeya soran\u00ee li her du par\u00e7ey\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea j\u00ee bi alfabeya aram\u00ee hat\u00eeye niv\u00ees\u00een \u00fb t\u00ea niv\u00ees\u00een. Soran\u00ee ji \u00e7ar j\u00earzaravayan -baban\u00ee, hewl\u00ear\u00ee, mukr\u00eeyan\u00ee \u00fb erdelan\u00ee- p\u00eak t\u00ea. J\u00earzaravay\u00ean baban\u00ee \u00fb hewl\u00ear\u00ee li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea \u00fb j\u00earzaravay\u00ean mukr\u00eeyan\u00ee \u00fb erdelan\u00ee li rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea t\u00ean axaftin. L\u00ea ji ber n\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbna erdn\u00eegar\u00eey\u00ea, baban\u00ee n\u00eaz\u00ee erdelan\u00eey\u00ea ye \u00fb mukr\u00eeyan\u00ee j\u00ee n\u00eaz\u00ee \u201chewl\u00ear\u00ee\u201dy\u00ea ye. Zaravay\u00ea soran\u00ee li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea ji sala 1931\u00ea ve di perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea da likar e. Ji sala 1992yan ve j\u00ee di bin s\u00eewana ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee da wek\u00ee ziman\u00ea ferm\u00ee y\u00ea her\u00eam\u00ea ye. \u00cero, li her\u00eam\u00ean soran\u00eeaxiv \u00ean ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, ji seretay\u00ee heta zan\u00eengehan, perwerde bi soran\u00ee ye. Li hem\u00fb saz\u00eey\u00ean ferm\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee, soran\u00ee likar e. Li rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, soran\u00ee ne xwed\u00ee statuyeka ferm\u00ee ye. Ji sala 2015an ve di zan\u00eengeha Kurdistan\u00ea da be\u015fa ziman \u00fb w\u00eajeya kurd\u00ee heye \u00fb bi awayek\u00ea xwebex\u015fane ders\u00ean soran\u00ee t\u00ean day\u00een.<\/p>\n Zazak\u00ee ten\u00ea li bakur\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea ji al\u00eey\u00ea piran\u00eeya nif\u00fbsa \u00c7ewl\u00eeg \u00fb D\u00earsim\u00ea \u00fb be\u015feka giring a xelk\u00ea Amed, Xarp\u00eat \u00fb Erzingan\u00ea ve t\u00ea axaftin. Li hin bajaran ten\u00ea di nav s\u00eenor\u00ean nav\u00e7eyek\u00ea da t\u00ea axaftin. M\u00eenak, nav\u00e7eya S\u00eawerega Rihay\u00ea, nav\u00e7eya Gimgima M\u00fb\u015f\u00ea, nav\u00e7eya Ald\u00fb\u015fa Sems\u00fbr\u00ea, nav\u00e7eya Motkana Bedl\u00ees\u00ea. Li Erzirom, S\u00eawaz \u00fb S\u00eart\u00ea j\u00ee hejmara kes\u00ean ku bi kirmanck\u00ee diaxivin, pir k\u00eam e. Kurd\u00ean zaza xwe bi nav\u00ea kird, kirmanc, dimil\u00ee \u00fb zaza \u00fb zaravay\u00ea xwe j\u00ee wek\u00ee kirmanck\u00ee, dimil\u00ee, kirdk\u00ee \u00fb zazak\u00ee bi nav dikin. Herwiha di nav civak\u00ea da, ji bo civak\u00ea \u201c\u015far\u00ea ma\u201d \u00fb ji bo zaravay\u00ee j\u00ee \u201cso-b\u00ea\u201d, \u201czon\u00ea ma\u201d, nav\u00ean lokal hene. Ji al\u00eey\u00ea hejmara axiveran ve, di nav zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee da pi\u015ft\u00ee kurmanc\u00ee \u00fb soran\u00eey\u00ea di r\u00eaza s\u00eayem da ye. Li gor zanyar\u00eey\u00ean hey\u00ee, di nav zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee da zazak\u00ee her\u00ee dereng derbas\u00ee qada niv\u00ees\u00een\u00ea b\u00fbye. Gelek vekoler zaravay\u00ea zazak\u00ee ji al\u00eey\u00ea hin taybetmend\u00eey\u00ean r\u00eaziman\u00ee \u00fb ferheng\u00ee ve di nav zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee da y\u00ea her\u00ee kevnar \u00fb y\u00ea ku her\u00ee z\u00eade di\u015fibe ziman\u00ea Avestay\u00ea, dib\u00eenin. Wek\u00ee zaravay\u00ea hewram\u00ee, kirmanck\u00ee j\u00ee ji al\u00eey\u00ea hin f\u00eelolog \u00fb zimannasan ve -hin ji wan ewropay\u00ee ne- wek\u00ee ne kurd\u00ee hat\u00eeye binavkirin. L\u00ea bel\u00ea ji bil\u00ee komek rew\u015fenb\u00eer\u00ean zaza (ew xwe bi v\u00ee away\u00ee p\u00eanase dikin), piran\u00eeya zazayan xwe wek\u00ee kurd didin nas\u00een. Gelek zimannas\u00ean zaza j\u00ee zazak\u00eey\u00ea wek\u00ee zaravayek\u00ea kurd\u00ee dihesib\u00eenin. Kurd\u00eeya zazak\u00ee ji bil\u00ee \u00e7end mewlidan -Muwl\u00eed\u00ea Kirdk\u00ee y\u00ea Ehmed\u00ee Xas\u00ee \u00fb B\u00eeyayi\u015fa P\u00eaxember\u00ee ya Osman Efend\u00eey\u00ea Babij\u00ee- ji sal\u00ean 1980y\u00ee ve bi awayek\u00ea bi r\u00eak \u00fb p\u00eak bi alfabeya lat\u00een\u00ee t\u00ea niv\u00ees\u00een. Di xebat \u00fb we\u015fanger\u00eeya kirmanck\u00ee da, du standard\u00ean niv\u00ees\u00een\u00ea hene. Yek j\u00ea ji al\u00eey\u00ea Gr\u00fbpa Xebat\u00ea ya Vatey\u00ea ve di sala 1996an da hat\u00eeye bip\u00ea\u015fxistin. Kurd\u00ean zazay\u00ean ku bi standarda Gr\u00fbpa Xebat\u00ea ya Vatey\u00ea diniv\u00ees\u00een, xwe kurd dib\u00eenin \u00fb zazak\u00eey\u00ea j\u00ee wek\u00ee zaravayek\u00ea kurd\u00ee dib\u00een\u00een. Alfabeya Celadet Bedirxan\u00ee esas digirin \u00fb di nav civaka kurd\u00ean zaza da standarda her\u00ee t\u00earbelav ev e. Ji xeyn\u00ee standarda Gr\u00fbpa Xebat\u00ea ya Vatey\u00ea, standardeka din j\u00ee heye. Ev norm j\u00ee ji al\u00eey\u00ea komeka rew\u015fenb\u00eeran ve hat\u00eeye avakirin ku wek\u00ee Koma Warey\u00ea t\u00ea zan\u00een. Kurd\u00ean zazay\u00ean ku v\u00ea form\u00ea bi kar t\u00eenin, xwe kurd nab\u00een\u00een \u00fb zazak\u00eey\u00ea j\u00ee zimanek\u00ea serbixwe dib\u00een\u00een. Zaravay\u00ea zazak\u00ee j\u00ee ji s\u00ea devokan -bakur, navend\u00ee \u00fb ba\u015f\u00fbr- p\u00eak t\u00ea. Kurd\u00ean zaza ten\u00ea li bakur\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea dij\u00een, zaravay\u00ea zazak\u00ee j\u00ee wek\u00ee kurmanc\u00eey\u00ea ne xwed\u00ee statuyeka ferm\u00ee ye \u00fb bi awayek\u00ea s\u00eenordar be j\u00ee, di qad\u00ean wek\u00ee \u00e7apemen\u00ee, hiq\u00fbq, perwerde \u00fb s\u00eeyaset\u00ea da likar e. Ji sala 2011an ve li hin zan\u00eengehan be\u015f\u00ean l\u00eesans, master \u00fb doktoray\u00ea hene \u00fb ji 2012an ve j\u00ee li dibistanan wek\u00ee derseka bijarte ders t\u00ea day\u00een. Herwiha di hin saz\u00eeyan da j\u00ee ast\u00ean kirmanck\u00ee t\u00ean day\u00een.<\/p>\n Kurd\u00eeya hewram\u00ee li du par\u00e7ey\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea -ba\u015f\u00fbr \u00fb rojhilat- t\u00ea axaftin. Li rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea li Pawe, Newso, Hewraman\u00ee Taxt, Lihon, Jawero, Zehaw, Nodi\u015fe \u00fb her\u00eameka Mer\u00eewan\u00ea \u00fb li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, li Seyd Sadiq, Heleb\u00e7e, B\u00eeyare, Zengene \u00fb Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea bi v\u00ee zaravay\u00ee diaxivin. Li ser binavkirina v\u00ea kom\u00ea lihevhatinek tune ye. Hin vekoler nav\u00ea hewram\u00ee hin\u00ean din goran\u00ee \u00fb hin j\u00ee hewram\u00ee \u00fb goran\u00ee bi hev ra bi kar t\u00eenin. Di nav hem\u00fb zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee da, hewram\u00ee xwed\u00ee kevne\u015fop\u00eeya edeb\u00ee ya her\u00ee kevn e ku vedigere sedsala 16em. Di nav zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee da hewram\u00ee her\u00ee z\u00eade di\u015fibe zaravay\u00ea zazak\u00ee. Zaravay\u00ea hewram\u00ee ji al\u00eey\u00ea hin f\u00eelolog \u00fb zimannasan ve -hin ji wan ewropay\u00ee ne- wek\u00ee ne kurd\u00ee hat\u00eeye binavkirin, l\u00ea zanyar\u00ean kurd bi yek deng\u00ee qeb\u00fbl dikin ku b\u00ea cudah\u00eey\u00ean ziman\u00ee, piran\u00eeya axiver\u00ean v\u00ea kom\u00ea xwe wek\u00ee kurd didin nas\u00een. Li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, her\u00e7end ji sala 1992yan ve ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee b\u00fbye ziman\u00ea resm\u00ee\u00a0 j\u00ee, zaravay\u00ea hewram\u00ee ne di perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea ne j\u00ee di resm\u00eeyet\u00ea da nehat\u00eeye bikaran\u00een. Li rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, ji ber tu statuyeka ferm\u00ee ji bo ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee n\u00eene, rew\u015fa hewram\u00eey\u00ea ji soran\u00ee \u00fb kurmanc\u00eey\u00ea ne \u00e7\u00eatir e.<\/p>\n Kurd\u00eeya ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ee, li rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea li Kirman\u015fan, Delaho, G\u00ealana Rojava, B\u00east\u00fbn, Sungir, Gulyay\u00ee, \u00ceslamawa, Qurwe, B\u00eecar, Loristan, \u00celam, Eywan, Abdanan, M\u00earan, Deluran, Pi\u015ftko \u00fb P\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea t\u00ea axaftin. Li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, li Xaneq\u00een, Mendel\u00ee, Bedre \u00fb Cesan\u00ea bi j\u00earzaravay\u00ean cuda y\u00ean v\u00ee zaravay\u00ee diaxivin. Di nav zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee da, xebat\u00ean her\u00ee k\u00eam li ser zaravay\u00ea kurd\u00eeya ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ee hatine kirin. Ji ber v\u00ea, hem ji al\u00eey\u00ea navl\u00eakirina kom\u00ea hem j\u00ee ji al\u00eey\u00ea zarava \u00fb j\u00earzaravay\u00ee ve n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean cur bi cur hene.\u00a0 Di nav v\u00ea kom\u00ea da, bi taybet\u00ee lor\/l\u00fbr ji al\u00eey\u00ea gelek zimannasan ve herwiha ji al\u00eey\u00ea axiver\u00ean kom\u00ea ve j\u00ee wek\u00ee ne kurd t\u00ean p\u00eanasekirin. Li gor hin zimannasan lek\u00ee j\u00ee zaravayek\u00ea serbixwe ye. Zaravay\u00ea kurd\u00eeya ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ee bi alfabeya aram\u00ee hat\u00eeye niv\u00ees\u00een \u00fb t\u00ea niv\u00ees\u00een. Kurd\u00eeya ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ee ji 5 j\u00earzaravayan -kirman\u015fan\u00ee, gar\u00fbs\u00ee, lek\u00ee, lor\u00ee \u00fb feyl\u00ee- p\u00eak t\u00ea.<\/p>\n BINDESTB\u00dbNA KURDAN \u00db BINDESTB\u00dbNA ZIMAN\u00ca KURD\u00ce <\/strong><\/p>\n Bindestb\u00fbna kurdan b\u00fbye sedema bindestb\u00fbna ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee ya di nav \u00e7ar dewlet\u00ean desthilatdar da \u00fb her yek ji wan ji bo tunekirina ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee \u00fb as\u00eem\u00eelekirina kurdan pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean cur bi cur me\u015fandine. Encam\u00ean van pol\u00eet\u00eekayan:<\/p>\n -Ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee hat\u00eeye par\u00e7ekirin, hem di navbera zaravayan hem j\u00ee di navbera devok\u00ean zaravayek\u00ee da s\u00eenor hatine dan\u00een. Ev j\u00ee b\u00fbye sedema qutb\u00fbna t\u00eakil\u00eeya kurdan \u00fb nenas\u00eena wan ya hevdu.<\/p>\n -Herwiha desthilatdaran nehi\u015ft\u00eeye ku ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee bibe xwed\u00ee statuyeka ferm\u00ee \u00fb perwerdeh\u00ee.<\/p>\n -Xebat \u00fb \u00e7apemen\u00eeya kurd\u00ee hat\u00eeye qedexekirin \u00fb hewl dane ku ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee bibe ten\u00ea ziman\u00ea mal\u00ea. (Li bakur\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea destwerdana ziman\u00ea mal\u00ea j\u00ee hat\u00eeye kirin.)<\/p>\n -\u00cero, her\u00e7end ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee di nav du her\u00eam\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea da hem ziman\u00ea ferm\u00ee be hem j\u00ee y\u00ea perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea be, di \u00e7av\u00ea gelek kurdan da ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee zimanek\u00ea b\u00eaprest\u00eej e.<\/p>\n -Heb\u00fbna n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean cuda y\u00ean li ser hejmara zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee, yek ji encam\u00ean neb\u00fbna xebat\u00ean zanist\u00ee y\u00ean li ser ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n -Bikaran\u00eena du alfabeyan b\u00fbye sedema nenas\u00eena zarava \u00fb devok\u00ean zaravayek\u00ee.<\/p>\n -Piran\u00eeya kurdan xwendin \u00fb niv\u00ees\u00eena bi ziman\u00ea xwe y\u00ea dayik\u00ea nizanin. Zan\u00eena ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee ya gelek kurdan di asta famkirin \u00fb axaftin\u00ea da ye \u00fb gelek kurd qet kurd\u00eey\u00ea nizanin.<\/p>\n -Ziman\u00ea dayik\u00ea y\u00ea gelek kurdan \u00ead\u00ee ne ziman\u00ea wan \u00ea netewey\u00ee ye. Ziman\u00ea serdest\u00ean wan b\u00fbye ziman\u00ea wan \u00ea dayik\u00ea.<\/p>\n -Ji al\u00eey\u00ea UNESCOy\u00ea ve, hin zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee wek\u00ee ziman\u00ean di bin xeter\u00eey\u00ea da hatine p\u00eanasekirin ku ev yek n\u00ee\u015fan dide ku her ku di\u00e7e, axiver\u00ean kurd\u00eey\u00ea k\u00eam dibin.<\/p>\n -Ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee wek\u00ee zimanek\u00ea yekgirt\u00ee neb\u00fbye zimanek\u00ea standard. Her zaravayek di nav xwe da xebat\u00ean xwe y\u00ean standardb\u00fbn\u00ea \u00e7\u00eadike, l\u00ea h\u00een temam neb\u00fbye \u00fb hin ji wan j\u00ee gelek\u00ee k\u00eam xebat li ser wan hatine kirin.<\/p>\n -Neb\u00fbna ziman\u00ea standard \u00ea kurd\u00ee, b\u00fbye sedema rastniv\u00ees\u00een\u00ean cuda \u00fb term\u00eenoloj\u00eey\u00ean cuda.<\/p>\n -Neb\u00fbna ziman\u00ea standard \u00ea kurd\u00ee di perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea da, dibe sedema zehmet\u00eey\u00ean f\u00earkirin \u00fb f\u00earb\u00fbn\u00ea.<\/p>\n 15\u00ca GULAN\u00ca CEJNA ZIMAN\u00ca KURD\u00ce YE<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00cero, 15\u00ea Gulan\u00ea, Roja Ziman\u00ea Kurd\u00ee ye. 15\u00ea Gulan\u00ea ji ber du sedeman di d\u00eeroka kurdan da rojeka giring e. \u00c7ima?\u00a0 Ji ber ku hejmara yekem a Kovara Hawar\u00ea di 15\u00ea gulana 1932yan da ji al\u00eey\u00ea Celadat Bedirxan\u00ee ve li \u015eam\u00ea hat\u00eeye we\u015fandin \u00fb heta sala 1943yan we\u015fana w\u00ea berdewam kir\u00eeye \u00fb bi gi\u015ft\u00ee di nav 11 salan da, 57 hejmar hatin we\u015fandin. \u00c7i giring\u00eeya Kovara Hawar\u00ea heye? Ji ber ku cara yekem\u00a0 di Kovara Hawar\u00ea da ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee bi alfabeya lat\u00een\u00ee hat\u00eeye niv\u00ees\u00een. Ji ber ku cara yekem ji al\u00eey\u00ea kurdek\u00ee ve r\u00eazimana kurmanc\u00ee di Kovara Hawar\u00ea da hat\u00eeye belavkirin \u00fb gav\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean standarda zaravay\u00ea kurd\u00eeya kurmanc\u00ee di v\u00ea kovar\u00ea da hatine dan\u00een. Herwiha cara yekem niv\u00ees\u00ean s\u00ea zaravay\u00ean kurd\u00ee -kurmanc\u00ee, soran\u00ee \u00fb zazak\u00ee- di v\u00ea kovar\u00ea da hatine niv\u00ees\u00een. Ji ber van sedeman, Kongreya Netewey\u00ee ya Kurdistan\u00ea (KNK) di sala 2006an da 15 Gulan\u00ea wek\u00ee Roja Ziman\u00ea Kurd\u00ee ragihand. Ji 2006an \u00fb \u015f\u00fbnda, ev roj bi taybet\u00ee li bakur \u00fb rojavay\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea t\u00ea p\u00eerozkirin \u00fb \u00e7alak\u00eey\u00ean cur bi cur t\u00ean lidarxistin.<\/p>\n Di nav civak \u00fb mirovah\u00eey\u00ea da, d\u00eeyarkirina roj\u00ean taybet biarmanc e. \u00c7ima Roja Ziman\u00ea Kurd\u00ee? Sedem\u00ean pir xurt \u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee, s\u00eeyas\u00ee, \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb ps\u00eekoloj\u00eek hene. Di v\u00ea roj\u00ea da ne ten\u00ea \u015fah\u00ee, l\u00ea bel\u00ea komxebat, panel \u00fb bernamey\u00ean taybet j\u00ee t\u00ean \u00e7\u00eakirin. 15 Gulan\u00ea b\u00fbye remzeka xwed\u00eel\u00eaderxetina \u00e7and \u00fb ziman\u00ea xwe y\u00ea kurdan, b\u00fbye berxwedana li dij windab\u00fbn \u00fb as\u00eem\u00eelasyona ziman\u00ea kurd\u00ee, b\u00fbye xurtkirina hest\u00ea nasname \u00fb a\u00eed\u00eeyet\u00ea, b\u00fbye z\u00eadekirina hi\u015fyar\u00eeya ziman \u00fb te\u015fw\u00eeqkirina bikaran\u00eena ziman\u00ee di nav civak\u00ea da. 15 Gulan\u00ea \u00eefadekirina nasname, berxwedan \u00fb t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena heb\u00fbna kurdan \u00fb ziman\u00ea wan e.<\/p>\n Div\u00ea ney\u00ea jib\u00eerkirin ku civaka ku ziman\u00ea xwe ji dest dabe, ne ten\u00ea am\u00fbra dan\u00fbstandin\u00ea ji dest dide, herwiha nasname, d\u00eerok \u00fb yek\u00eet\u00eeya xwe ya \u00e7and\u00ee j\u00ee ji dest dide, di nav civak\u00ea da bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee di navbera bav \u00fb kal \u00fb nev\u00eeyan da qutb\u00fbneka zihn\u00ee \u00fb his\u00ee \u00e7\u00eadike, b\u00eera d\u00eerok\u00ea winda dibe, civak h\u00ead\u00ee h\u00ead\u00ee hildiwe\u015fe, dibe xer\u00eeb\u00ea xwe, g\u00eeyan \u00fb heb\u00fbna xwe winda dike. Div\u00ea ne ten\u00ea rojek l\u00ea her roj\u00ean me bi hi\u015fyar\u00eeya 15 Gulan\u00ea derbas bibin.<\/p>\n