{"id":1513,"date":"2020-03-15T00:17:41","date_gmt":"2020-03-14T21:17:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/kuresel-hegemonya-mucadelesinde-ortadogu-stratejileri\/"},"modified":"2020-03-15T00:17:41","modified_gmt":"2020-03-14T21:17:41","slug":"kuresel-hegemonya-mucadelesinde-ortadogu-stratejileri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/kuresel-hegemonya-mucadelesinde-ortadogu-stratejileri\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcresel Hegemonya M\u00fccadelesinde Ortado\u011fu Stratejileri"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>21 Aral\u0131k 2009 Pazartesi Saat 20:39<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"detail content_14\" id=\"text_detail\">\n<div class=\"newsImage\">\n<b>\u015eu a\u00e7\u0131k bir ger\u00e7ekliktir ki tarihin hi\u00e7bir d\u00f6neminde insano\u011flu zihinsel manip\u00fclasyon anlam\u0131nda bu denli dumura u\u011frat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, bu denli k\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcmle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir. <\/b><\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/120-1.jpg\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<p>  0<\/p>\n<p>  21<\/p>\n<p>  TR<\/p>\n<p><!--\n \/* Font Definitions *\/\n @font-face\n\t  \"Cambria Math\" \n\tpanose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4 \n\tmso-font-charset:162 \n\tmso-generic- roman \n\tmso-font-pitch:variable \n\tmso-font-signature:-1610611985 1107304683 0 0 159 0  \n@font-face\n\t    \n\tpanose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4 \n\tmso-font-charset:162 \n\tmso-generic- swiss \n\tmso-font-pitch:variable \n\tmso-font-signature:-1610611985 1073750139 0 0 159 0  \n  \n p.Mso , li.Mso , div.Mso \n\t mso-style-unhide:no \n\t  \n\t :\"\" \n\tmargin-top:0cm \n\tmargin-right:0cm \n\tmargin-bottom:10.0pt \n\tmargin-left:0cm \n\t \n\t \n\t \n\t \" \",\" \" \n\t   \n\t :\" \" \n\t \n.MsoChpDefault\n\t mso-style-type:export-only \n\tmso-default-props:yes \n\t  \n\tmso-ansi-  \n\tmso-bidi-  \n\t \n\t   \n\t  \n@page Section1\n\t size:595.3pt 841.9pt \n\tmargin:70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt 70.85pt \n\tmso-header-margin:35.4pt \n\tmso-footer-margin:35.4pt \n\tmso-paper-source:0  \ndiv.Section1\n\t page:Section1  \n--><\/p>\n<p>\t  :&#8221; &#8221; <\/p>\n<p>\t :&#8221;&#8221; <\/p>\n<p>\t &#8221; &#8220;,&#8221; &#8221;  <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u0130nsanlar\u0131n kavramlarla, sosyal olgu ve ger\u00e7ekliklerin t\u00fcm\u00fc<br \/>\nile yapt\u0131klar\u0131na bak\u0131nca 2002 bahar\u0131nda Ramalallah\u2019daki Filistinli kad\u0131n\u0131n<br \/>\nku\u015fatma alt\u0131nda s\u00f6ylediklerine her g\u00fcn biraz daha itibar etmek gereklili\u011fi<br \/>\nkendini bir kez daha ortaya koymaktad\u0131r: &#8221; Bu insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131<br \/>\nolmaktan utan\u0131yorum&#8221;* (F. BA\u015eKAYA)<span>\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span>Peki bu hangi insanl\u0131k? Ya da insan olarak elimizde kalan nedir? \u015eu a\u00e7\u0131k<br \/>\nbir ger\u00e7ekliktir ki tarihin hi\u00e7bir d\u00f6neminde insano\u011flu zihinsel manip\u00fclasyon<br \/>\nanlam\u0131nda bu denli dumura u\u011frat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, bu denli k\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcmle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir.<br \/>\nToplumlar\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, s\u0131n\u0131flar aras\u0131 u\u00e7urum ve dengesizlik hi\u00e7bir d\u00f6nemde<br \/>\nbug\u00fcn ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 seviyeye ula\u015famam\u0131\u015f, ayn\u0131 d\u00fczlemde olmak \u00fczere bu u\u00e7urum ve<br \/>\ndengesizlik durumu hi\u00e7bir d\u00f6nemde bug\u00fcnk\u00fc seviyede bilin\u00e7lerde silikle\u015ftirilip<br \/>\ngizlenememi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">D\u00fcnya yeni y\u00fczy\u0131la neo liberal politikalar\u0131n<br \/>\n\u015fekillendiricili\u011fi ve arz\u0131 ile k\u00fcreselle\u015fme \u015fark\u0131lar\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek giriyor.<br \/>\nK\u00fcresel k\u00f6y, yoksullu\u011fun sonu, sermayenin ve pazar\u0131n d\u00fczenleyicili\u011fi (!) ve t\u00fcm<br \/>\nbu olumlamalar\u0131n insanl\u0131\u011fa yapaca\u011f\u0131 iyiliklerden bahsediliyor. Olgular\u0131n bu<br \/>\nh\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fimine ayak uydurmakta zorlananlar, ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin bu bi\u00e7imine muhalefet<br \/>\nedenler ya da onun kendi i\u00e7inde tutarl\u0131 maniplesini tahlile yana\u015fanlar i\u00e7in tehditler<br \/>\nsavruluyor. Margaret Thatcher\u2019in \u201cba\u015fka yol yok  (BYY) s\u00f6ylemi, k\u00fcresel tren,<br \/>\nson tren gibi ak\u0131l almaz tan\u0131mlamalara gidiliyor. Daha da trajik olan\u0131 ise<br \/>\ntarihin sonu teraneleri ile (post-modernizm) g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bu<br \/>\nideolojik safsatalarla 17. yy. modernizminin de gerisine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fclmekte teredd\u00fct<br \/>\nedilmiyor. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Yeni anlay\u0131\u015f insan\u0131 bir \u00f6zne, bir irade olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor.<br \/>\nVe olgular\u0131n insan\u0131n bilin\u00e7li eyleminin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda geli\u015fti\u011fi bir d\u00fcnya<br \/>\nger\u00e7ekli\u011finde irade ve m\u00fcdahale kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n bilim d\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na vurgu yapan<br \/>\nsavlar\u0131 ortaya s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. K\u00f6lecili\u011fin me\u015fru temelini sa\u011flayan mitolojik<br \/>\nyakla\u015f\u0131mlardan tutal\u0131m da hi\u00e7bir dini ve ideolojik inan\u00e7 sisteminin insana ve<br \/>\nbir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak insanl\u0131k kavram\u0131na bu kadar aciz ve adi yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>\ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015fken, herhangi bir utan\u00e7 belirtisi g\u00f6sterilmeden b\u00fcy\u00fck bir gururla bu<br \/>\nve benzeri yakla\u015f\u0131mlar rasyonel ak\u0131l ve bilimsellik ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda pazarlanmaktan<br \/>\ngeri kal\u0131nm\u0131yor. \u00dcstelik s\u00f6zde bilimsel bilginin \u00fcretildi\u011fi yeg\u00e2ne yerler olan<br \/>\n\u00fcniversite k\u00fcrs\u00fclerinden ve \u00f6d\u00fcll\u00fc hocalar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011fz\u0131ndan. Elbette her s\u00f6z\u00fcn<br \/>\nreklam\u0131 oran\u0131nda tabiri caizse pazarlama pay\u0131 kadar muteber oldu\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz<br \/>\nko\u015fullar\u0131nda, d\u00fcn sermaye ile ili\u015fkisinden bahsetti\u011fimiz bug\u00fcn ise sermayeden<br \/>\nbir ba\u015fkas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmekte pek de aciz olamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z medyaya b\u00fcy\u00fck sorumluluklar<br \/>\nd\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Ve kan\u0131m\u0131zca sistemi yeniden \u00fcreten kurumlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ele<br \/>\nal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6rev ve sorumluluk bilincini bu anlam\u0131 ile en iyi derecede<br \/>\nta\u015f\u0131yanlar i\u00e7erisinde medya genel tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7inde ele alabilece\u011fimiz kurumlar\u0131n<br \/>\nda oldu\u011fu a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">F. Kafka\u2019n\u0131n \u201cDava s\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi dava bir kere<br \/>\nba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve hi\u00e7bir g\u00fc\u00e7 bu durumu kendi iradesi oran\u0131nda etkilemeyi<br \/>\nba\u015faramayacakt\u0131r. Bizzat davay\u0131 a\u00e7anlar da dahil olmak \u00fczere. B\u0131\u00e7ak kalbi<br \/>\ndelmelidir ve bunun ad\u0131 bir kez konmu\u015ftur: &#8220;Adalet&#8221;<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Ramalallah&#8217;l\u0131 kad\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131yor: &#8220;Bu insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir<br \/>\npar\u00e7as\u0131 olmaktan utan\u0131yorum &#8220;<span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Kavramlara anlamlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckleyen onlar\u0131n zaman ve mek\u00e2n ile<br \/>\nkurduklar\u0131 ili\u015fki bi\u00e7imleridir. Ya\u015fam\u0131n idame ettirilmesi ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi ilk veri<br \/>\nolarak al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda zaman i\u00e7erisindeki t\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitlemeler ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, bi\u00e7ime<br \/>\nili\u015fkin olmaktan \u00e7ok \u00f6ze ili\u015fkin olmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7<br \/>\ni\u00e7erisinde bi\u00e7imlenmi\u015f her kavram-olgu anlam\u0131n\u0131 bu ilk verinin<br \/>\npratikle\u015ftirilmesinden alacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6ylesi bir anlat\u0131mdan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131labilecek tek<br \/>\nsonu\u00e7 ise kavramlar\u0131n tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde birden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, zaten<br \/>\nvaroldu\u011fu ve uygun zaman-mek\u00e2n ko\u015fullar\u0131nda kendilerine ya\u015fam alan\u0131<br \/>\na\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. &#8220;Bir anlamda hi\u00e7bir perspektif b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle hi\u00e7bir zaman yeni<br \/>\nolamaz. Birileri benzer bir \u015feyi genellikle on y\u0131llar ya da y\u00fcz y\u0131llar<br \/>\n\u00f6ncesinde de s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile bir perspektifin yeni oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylerken<br \/>\nbu yaln\u0131zca \u015fu anlama gelebilir: d\u00fcnya ilk kez bu perspektifin i\u00e7inde<br \/>\nbar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri ciddiye almaya haz\u0131rd\u0131r ya da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler onlar\u0131 daha<br \/>\nfazla insan i\u00e7in daha makul ve eri\u015filebilir k\u0131lan bir \u015fekilde yeniden<br \/>\nambalajlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r&#8221; (\u0130mmanuel WALLERSTEIN) Son y\u0131llarda ad\u0131ndan \u00e7ok\u00e7a s\u00f6z<br \/>\nettiren &#8220;k\u00fcreselle\u015fme&#8221; kavram\u0131 da bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcnden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z<br \/>\nolmamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Bug\u00fcn kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6nemli \u00e7arp\u0131kl\u0131klardan biri de<br \/>\nkavram\u0131-olguyu bug\u00fcne has g\u00f6sterme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu ya da en iyi niyetli<br \/>\ns\u0131\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir bi\u00e7imi olarak kavram-olgunun k\u00f6kenine, bili\u015fim teknolojisindeki<br \/>\nh\u0131zl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimleri ve buna dayal\u0131 olarak geli\u015fen enformasyon devrimini koyma<br \/>\ngiri\u015fimleridir. Elbette kavram-olgunun bug\u00fcn kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bi\u00e7im bu teknolojik<br \/>\ngeli\u015fmelerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ele al\u0131namaz ama olguyu yaln\u0131z bu geli\u015fmelerin bir<br \/>\nsonucu olarak g\u00f6rmek ba\u015fta da belirtti\u011fimiz \u00fczere manip\u00fclasyon amac\u0131<br \/>\nta\u015f\u0131m\u0131yorsa bile olguyu olduk\u00e7a yanl\u0131\u015f anlamakla e\u015fde\u011fer tutulabilir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><strong>K\u00fcreselle\u015fme ile Ulus<br \/>\nDevlet \u00c7eli\u015fmesi mi? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">K\u00fcreselle\u015fme yaz\u0131n\u0131n icad\u0131ndan bu yana insanl\u0131k havsalas\u0131nda<br \/>\nyer bulmu\u015f bir kavram-olgudur.<span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span>&#8220;K\u00fcreselle\u015fme yeni bir olgu de\u011fildir. Bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bilimsel<br \/>\nterminolojiye giren emperyalizmin kendisidir. (Boratav, 1997:25) Kapitalizmin<br \/>\nekonomik boyutlar\u0131 ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, k\u00fcreselle\u015fmeyle benzerlikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir.<br \/>\n(Korten, 1999:7) K\u00fcreselle\u015fme, yeni d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni, post modernizm, yenile\u015fme ve<br \/>\nneo liberalizmi birbirinden ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemek gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00f6z konusu anlay\u0131\u015f<br \/>\nve s\u00f6ylemler kapitalizm ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131rlar ve ancak kapitalizm ba\u011flam\u0131nda<br \/>\na\u00e7\u0131klanabilirler. Buna g\u00f6re k\u00fcreselle\u015fme kapitalizmin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki boyutu ve<br \/>\ng\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ifade etmektedir. (K\u0131z\u0131l\u00e7elik, 2001:15)&#8221; K\u00fcreselle\u015fme<br \/>\nAsurbanipal&#8217;dan \u0130skender&#8217;e Pers&#8217;lerden B\u00fcy\u00fck Kartaca imparatorlu\u011funa kadar bir<br \/>\n\u00e7ok uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011frudan hedefledi\u011fi bir ama\u00e7 olagelmi\u015ftir. Teknik anlamda<br \/>\n\u0130srailo\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 bir yana b\u0131rak\u0131rsak hemen t\u00fcm dinler ve ideolojiler de tarih<br \/>\ni\u00e7erisinde kendileri hakk\u0131nda t\u00fcm s\u0131n\u0131rlardan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z k\u00fcresel tasavvurlar<br \/>\ny\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Erken kapitalizm d\u00f6neminin ulus devlet\u00e7i\u011fine kadar olan t\u00fcm<br \/>\ntarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde ve hatta bu d\u00f6nemin do\u011frudan kendisinde de ( 1. ve 2.<br \/>\npayla\u015f\u0131m sava\u015flar\u0131)<span>\u00a0 <\/span>bu e\u011filim varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<br \/>\nhep g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde hissettirmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen<br \/>\ntart\u0131\u015fmalara, yeni bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 yeni bir \u00e7a\u011f vb. ifadelerden olduk\u00e7a ar\u0131narak<br \/>\nkat\u0131lmak ve gerekirse bir taraf olabilmek, d\u00f6nemsel<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>de\u011fi\u015fimleri tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7ler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc<br \/>\ni\u00e7erisinde anlamland\u0131rmak \u00f6nemli olmaktad\u0131r.<span>\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Bug\u00fcn, bilin\u00e7li bir bi\u00e7imde tart\u0131\u015fma, kendi tarihsel<br \/>\nk\u00f6kenlerinden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak, ulus devlet ve globalizm olgular\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131nda<br \/>\n\u00e7eli\u015fik ve dar bir alanda tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. Ulus-devletin do\u011frudan hedef<br \/>\nse\u00e7ilmesine paralel olarak siyasal ve toplumsal d\u00fczeyde ulus-devletin i\u015flevini<br \/>\ntamamlay\u0131p tamamlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131, mevcut rollerinin miad\u0131n\u0131 doldurup doldurmad\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>\nt\u00fcr\u00fcnden s\u0131\u011f ve s\u00fcbjektif yakla\u015f\u0131mlar kendilerine<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>yer bulabilmektedir. Elbette bu t\u00fcrden bir<br \/>\nkutupla\u015fmada ama\u00e7 k\u00fcreselle\u015fme kavram\u0131n\u0131 dar bir ulus\u00e7uluk \u00fczerinden<br \/>\nde\u011ferlendirmeye a\u00e7abilmek, kavram\u0131n kendi i\u00e7erisinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7eli\u015fkileri<br \/>\nbu alanda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen tart\u0131\u015fmalarda maskeleyebilmektir.&#8221; Ulus-devlet<br \/>\nolgusunun me\u015fruiyet kayb\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeyinde b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler sonucu ortaya<br \/>\n\u00e7\u0131kan bunal\u0131mlara ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla k\u00fcreselle\u015fmeye ba\u011flamak, k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin<br \/>\ntan\u0131m\u0131 gere\u011fi zorunludur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u00fcreselle\u015fme, do\u011frudan ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7ler<br \/>\nh\u00e2kimiyetinin, uluslar \u00fcst\u00fc sermaye g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn bunal\u0131mdan \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in toplumsal,<br \/>\nsiyasal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve teknolojik alanlara yeni anlamlar katma, d\u00fcnyay\u0131 tek bir<br \/>\nPazar haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme \u00e7abalar\u0131yla ilintilidir. Bunal\u0131mdan \u00e7\u0131kmak i\u00e7in<br \/>\n\u00f6ncelikle d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ya\u015famaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc kavrayabilmek gerekiyordu. Bunu<br \/>\ni\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015fik senaryolar geli\u015ftirilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Ortaya konulan senaryolar,<br \/>\nya\u015fanan bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcne<span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span>i\u015faret<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>etmektedir.<span>\u00a0 <\/span>Bunlardan<span>\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span>birincisi sanayi<span>\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span>toplumundan<span>\u00a0 <\/span>bilgi<span>\u00a0 <\/span>toplumuna, ikincisi Fordist \u00fcretim bi\u00e7iminden<br \/>\nesnek \u00fcretim bi\u00e7imine, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc moderniteden postmoderniteye, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc ise<br \/>\nulusal devletler d\u00fczeyinden k\u00fcreselle\u015fmi\u015f bir d\u00fcnyaya ge\u00e7i\u015f \u00fczerine<br \/>\nyo\u011funla\u015fmaktad\u0131r (Cang\u0131zbay, 1998:119).&#8221; \u00d6yle bir hava yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ki<br \/>\nk\u00fcreselle\u015fme olgusunun mevcut \u00e7eli\u015fkilerinin ve ekolojik,<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>sosyo-ekonomik tahribatlar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda<br \/>\ndurmak dar ulusal milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin bayraktarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapmakla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015febilmi\u015ftir.<br \/>\n&#8221; ulus-devlet i\u015flevini tamamlay\u0131p sona erdi mi, yoksa halen oynayaca\u011f\u0131<br \/>\nhayati bir rol var m\u0131?&#8221;(Jameson, 2000:39)<\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Oysa ulus-devlete kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bu tart\u0131\u015fma,<br \/>\nulus devletin do\u011frudan hedef al\u0131nmas\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131 bir duruma i\u015faret<br \/>\netmektedir. Ulus devlet s\u00fcrecinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcc\u00fcleri taraf\u0131ndan d\u0131\u015flanm\u0131\u015f bir olgu<br \/>\nde\u011fildir. Aksine olduk\u00e7a g\u00fc\u00e7lenmi\u015f ve merkezile\u015fmi\u015f bir yap\u0131ya b\u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<br \/>\na\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r. Ulus devletin sonu teraneleri pazar\u0131n her t\u00fcrden koruma duvar\u0131ndan<br \/>\nve denetiminden uzak tutulmas\u0131 gereken \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri gibi alanlar i\u00e7in<br \/>\nge\u00e7erli olmaktad\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki bu alanlar i\u00e7in bile kendi kendini d\u00fczenledi\u011fine<br \/>\nkay\u0131ts\u0131z inan\u0131lan serbest pazar\u0131n da d\u00fczene sokulabilmesi gereklili\u011fi belirli<br \/>\nbir g\u00fc\u00e7 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 dayatmaktad\u0131r. Bu durumda ulus-devletin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak<br \/>\ng\u00f6zden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. Aksine bu mekanizma kriz halindeki d\u00fcnya<br \/>\nkapitalist sistemi taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fczene sokuluyor. Bu d\u00fczen sermayenin k\u00fcresel<br \/>\nhareketini kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran mekanizmalar b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc devreye sokarken bu<br \/>\nhareketlenmeyi k\u0131s\u0131tlayan geli\u015fmeleri de budamakla kendi inisiyatifini b\u00f6lge<br \/>\nhalklar\u0131 ve devletlerine yediriyor. Bu anlam\u0131yla k\u00fcreselle\u015fme, kapitalizme<br \/>\ni\u00e7kin emperyalizm kavram\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fan\u0131n ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fimine m\u00fcteakip ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi<br \/>\nzorunlu de\u011fi\u015fimin \u00f6zsel olmayan (bi\u00e7imsel) ve kullan\u0131m itibari ile mistifike<br \/>\nad\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><strong>Kapitalist Uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n<br \/>\nGelgitleri ve Son Sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Kavram kapitalist uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n gelgitlerinin son bi\u00e7imine denk<br \/>\nd\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Buna g\u00f6re merkantilist ili\u015fkilerin ve burjuva uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n<br \/>\nfilizlendi\u011fi \u00e7a\u011fda ilk sald\u0131r\u0131 \u0130spanyol<span>\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span>k\u00e2\u015fiflerin kolonile\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecine denk d\u00fc\u015fen Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6zde<br \/>\nuygarla\u015ft\u0131rma H\u0131ristiyanla\u015ft\u0131rma (!) ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda k\u0131tan\u0131n insan g\u00fcc\u00fc ve<br \/>\nkaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Daha sonra kapitalist filizin en nihayetinde bu<br \/>\nalanlardan ya\u011fmalanan kaynaklar\u0131n anavatana ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 sonucu nitelik\u00e7e<br \/>\ns\u0131\u00e7rayarak hakim \u00fcretim tarz\u0131 haline evrimle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinde sald\u0131r\u0131 ve ittifaklar<br \/>\narac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile daha sinsi bir yola ba\u015fvurmas\u0131. Monar\u015fi ile ittifak i\u00e7inde<br \/>\nkiliseye kar\u015f\u0131 cephe almas\u0131, halk ile birlikte monar\u015fiye kar\u015f\u0131 ittifak (en<br \/>\nbariz \u00f6rne\u011fi Frans\u0131z \u0130htilali olmaktad\u0131r.) ve son noktada iyiden iyiye<br \/>\npalazlanan burjuvazinin emek\u00e7ilere ve halklara do\u011frudan sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131. 1. D\u00fcnya<br \/>\nSava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131 reel sosyalist hamle, 1929 \u201cyap\u0131sal krizi  ve ilk iki durumun<br \/>\nobjektif sonucu ezilen s\u00f6m\u00fcrge halklar\u0131n\u0131n kurtulu\u015f m\u00fccadeleleri vah\u015fi<br \/>\nkapitalizm i\u00e7inde bir geri \u00e7ekilme d\u00f6nemini \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 1945 ile 1975<br \/>\ny\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 senelik s\u00fcreci kapsar. Keynes\u00e7i ekonomi politik<br \/>\nanlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n iktidar kazanmas\u0131 sonucu bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 kuzey \u00fclkelerinde refah devleti<br \/>\nve sosyal devlet kavramla\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 ile kendini var ederken \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00fcnya<br \/>\n\u00fclkelerindeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise ulusal kalk\u0131nmac\u0131 devlet modeli olmaktad\u0131r. Elbette<br \/>\ns\u00fcrece ad\u0131n\u0131 veren ABD hegemonik g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7evreleme liberalizm anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ki<br \/>\nbir so\u011fuk sava\u015f yarat\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Fakat 1975 yap\u0131sal krizi, Sovyet sisteminin g\u00fc\u00e7<br \/>\nkaybetmesi bu modele olan genel g\u00fcven ve inanc\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7<br \/>\n80&#8217;lerin ba\u015f\u0131ndaki<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>k\u00fcresel s\u00fcp\u00fcrme ya<br \/>\nda k\u00fcresel sald\u0131r\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu son sald\u0131r\u0131 bi\u00e7iminin enformasyon ve<br \/>\ntelekom\u00fcnikasyon alan\u0131nda ya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerle girdi\u011fi mutasyonun genel ad\u0131<br \/>\nk\u00fcreselle\u015fme olarak lanse edilmektedir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><strong>Bu sald\u0131r\u0131 temel<br \/>\nolarak \u015fu ilkeler alt\u0131nda \u015fekillenir:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">&#8211;<span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Mont Palern<br \/>\ntoplulu\u011fu olarak da bilinen grubun 1940&#8217;l\u0131<span>\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span>y\u0131llarda ortaya atm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu neo liberal tezlerin ko\u015fulsuz kabul\u00fc. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">&#8211;<span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Bu ba\u011flamda<br \/>\nsosyal devlet anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na yo\u011fun bir sald\u0131r\u0131 politikas\u0131 izlenmesi. Daha d\u00fcn<br \/>\ndevlet m\u00fcdahalesi kutsan\u0131rken ve Keynes\u00e7i iktisat\u00e7\u0131lar Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcllerine<br \/>\nbo\u011fulurken bug\u00fcn anti devlet\u00e7ilik esas\u0131na uygun kendi kendini d\u00fczenleyen Pazar<br \/>\nefsanesinin ba\u015f tac\u0131 edilmesi ve Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcllerinin bu \u015farlatan iktisat\u00e7\u0131lara<br \/>\nhibesi. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00fcnyada hakim olan kalk\u0131nmac\u0131 pop\u00fclist s\u00f6ylemin terk ettirilmesi<br \/>\nve bu \u00fclkelerin tekrar s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcye yedeklenmesi, kompradorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 (24 Ocak<br \/>\nkararlar\u0131 ile T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de oldu\u011fu gibi). <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">&#8211;<span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u0130\u00e7eride i\u015f\u00e7i<br \/>\n\u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve sendikalar\u0131n etkinli\u011finin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lma \u00e7abalar\u0131. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">&#8211;<span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Margaret Thatcher&#8217;in<span>\u00a0 <\/span>BYY ilkesini halklar ad\u0131na yedirmek. Bunun<br \/>\ni\u00e7in post-modernizm denilen ve modernizm sonras\u0131na vurgu yap\u0131lan ideolojinin<br \/>\ndaha da geli\u015ftirilerek medya kanallar\u0131 ile pazara s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00fcnyadaki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan yeniden<br \/>\nkompradorla\u015fma a\u015famas\u0131 i\u00e7in dayat\u0131lanlar\u0131 kaba hatt\u0131yla belirlersek: <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">&#8211;<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Para arz\u0131<br \/>\nk\u0131s\u0131lmal\u0131 ve faiz oranlar\u0131 y\u00fckselmeli.<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">&#8211;<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>Vergiler<br \/>\nartt\u0131r\u0131larak vergi taban\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletme (elbette bu d\u0131\u015f bor\u00e7lar\u0131n faizleri i\u00e7in<br \/>\nolmazsa olmaz bir ko\u015fuldur.)<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">&#8211;<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>H\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme<br \/>\nhamlesi deregulasyon politikalar\u0131n\u0131n kabul\u00fc<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">&#8211;<span>\u00a0 <\/span>\u0130thal ikameci<br \/>\npolitikalar\u0131n belirlenmesi ile ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczeyinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u0130\u015fte k\u00fcreselle\u015fme kavram\u0131n\u0131n en genel ve kaba bi\u00e7iminde<br \/>\nifadelendirilmesi bu olmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">K\u00fcresel stratejinin temelde dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu ayaklar<span>\u00a0 <\/span>hem Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131ndaki tarihsel durumu hem<br \/>\nde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00fcnya \u00fclkeleri genel ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131ndaki durumu<br \/>\nanlamland\u0131rmada olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli olmaktad\u0131r. Kendi k\u00fcreselle\u015fme tan\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kaba<br \/>\nhatlar\u0131 ile haritaland\u0131rmak ve bu genel \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131m \u00fczerinden k\u00fcreselle\u015fme<br \/>\nstratejilerine yakla\u015fmak bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak Ortado\u011fu stratejilerine yakla\u015f\u0131mdan<br \/>\nsoyutlanamaz d\u00fczeydedir.<span>\u00a0 <\/span>&#8220;Oysa<br \/>\nkapitalizm alt\u0131nda ilerleyen, k\u00fcreselle\u015fme baz\u0131 burjuva ideologlar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n<br \/>\nkuyru\u011fundan s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen kimi d\u00f6nek sosyalistler taraf\u0131ndan kapitalizmin yeni bir<br \/>\nd\u00f6nemi, sava\u015flar\u0131n sona erece\u011fi bir bar\u0131\u015f \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 olarak tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. Unutulmas\u0131n,<br \/>\nvaktiyle Marksist ge\u00e7inen baz\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler de kapitalizmin kolonyalizmden<br \/>\nemperyalizme s\u0131\u00e7ramas\u0131n\u0131, sava\u015f\u00e7\u0131 yay\u0131lmac\u0131l\u0131k d\u00f6nemini kapatacak bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 bir<br \/>\nkapitalist evreye y\u00fckseli\u015f diye yorumlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bir zamanlar Marksizm&#8217;in<br \/>\npapas\u0131 ge\u00e7inen Kautsky, bu ultra-emperyalizm teorisiyle epeyce kafa<br \/>\nkar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu gibi teorilerin as\u0131l dikkat \u00e7ekici y\u00f6n\u00fc, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n tam da<br \/>\nemperyalist g\u00fc\u00e7ler taraf\u0131ndan yak\u0131l\u0131p y\u0131k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kapitalist sistemin krizden<br \/>\nkrize s\u00fcr\u00fcklendi\u011fi bir tarihsel kesitte bar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya tablosu \u00e7izmeleridir.<br \/>\nNitekim Lenin, Kautsky&#8217;nin ultra-emperyalizm teorisini ele\u015ftirirken bu son<br \/>\nderece \u00f6nemli hususa i\u015faret etmi\u015ftir.&#8221; (\u00c7a\u011fl\u0131 E.) <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Bug\u00fcn kavram\u0131 yeni bir demokrasi hamlesi olarak tan\u0131mlayan<br \/>\ni\u015fbirlik\u00e7i yerel g\u00fc\u00e7lerin saflar\u0131 ile bizlerin durdu\u011fu yeri ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<br \/>\na\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yaz\u0131n\u0131n bu k\u0131sm\u0131nda kavram olgu \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z k\u0131sa tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131<br \/>\nmazur g\u00f6rebilece\u011finizi umuyoruz. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u0130\u00e7erisinden ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geldi\u011fi son<br \/>\na\u015famaya dahil olarak, gerek Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131 gerekse de bununla paralel olarak<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de geni\u015f halk y\u0131\u011f\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde sistematik bir sald\u0131r\u0131 ve sindirme<br \/>\npolitikas\u0131 uygulanmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin<br \/>\noperasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rebilece\u011fimiz bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131nda temel hedef<br \/>\nk\u00fcresel hegemonyan\u0131n olu\u015fum ve yay\u0131l\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini t\u00fcm hatlar\u0131 ile b\u00f6lgesel<br \/>\ndengeler \u00fczerine yedirebilmektir. Burada bir veya birka\u00e7<span>\u00a0 <\/span>b\u00f6lge halk\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilmesi yahut ayn\u0131<br \/>\nderecede \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirilmesi sorunundan \u00e7ok anlamland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken nokta bir<br \/>\nb\u00fct\u00fcn olarak d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6lele\u015ftirilmesi ama\u00e7, s\u00fcre\u00e7 ve<br \/>\nstratejilerinin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi olgusudur. Mevcut s\u00fcrecin b\u00f6lge halklar\u0131<br \/>\n\u00fczerindeki olumlu veya olumsuz yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131 ise bu ana stratejik<br \/>\nhedefin taktiksel sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcnden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u0130kiz kulelere yap\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan geli\u015fen Afganistan<br \/>\nve Irak m\u00fcdahalelerinin \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 bilin\u00e7lerimize \u201ck\u00fcreselle\u015fme<br \/>\nkavram\u0131n\u0131 oturtmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fken ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde bir yeni kavram da ilki ile<br \/>\nba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bi\u00e7imde bilin\u00e7lerimizde, daha \u00f6nce oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde<br \/>\nyerini almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cHegemonya . S\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n ve s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda<br \/>\n\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen en temel egemenlik kavray\u0131\u015f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar \u00fczerindeki par\u00e7al\u0131 alanlar\u0131<br \/>\nkapsarken, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir \u015fekilde i\u015fleyen k\u00fcreselle\u015fme olgusu bu egemenlik<br \/>\nkavray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 anlams\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Art\u0131k egemenlik, k\u00fcresel alan\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerinde<br \/>\nkurgulanmas\u0131 gereken bir kavram olan k\u00fcresel egemenlik olarak, hegemonya<br \/>\nanlam\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ve oyunun yeni sahas\u0131 uzaklarda bir yerler de\u011fil, onlarla<br \/>\nbirlikte evimizin i\u00e7i ve arka bah\u00e7emize kadar geni\u015fleyebilmi\u015ftir.<br \/>\n\u015eimdilerde<span>\u00a0 <\/span>her hegemonya m\u00fccadelesi<br \/>\nkendi do\u011fas\u0131 i\u00e7inde k\u00fcresel bir hal al\u0131rken buna cevap olma kayg\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7inde<br \/>\nbulunan her hareket ve kalk\u0131\u015fma da ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde k\u00fcreselle\u015fme zorunlulu\u011fu ile<br \/>\nkar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu yerelcili\u011fin ve ona ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak geli\u015fen<br \/>\nalternatiflerinin sonu anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Yeni ya da \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen d\u00fcnyada eski<br \/>\nd\u00fcnyan\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na meydan okuma niteli\u011findeki bir kavram<br \/>\nolarak enternasyonalizm kavram\u0131<span>\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span>a\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<span>\u00a0 <\/span>D\u0131\u015far\u0131daki ile<br \/>\ndayan\u0131\u015fma anlam\u0131nda bir kavray\u0131\u015f, kavram d\u00fczeyinde d\u0131\u015far\u0131da ve i\u00e7eride<br \/>\nayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnyada anlam\u0131n\u0131 yitirecektir. \u0130\u00e7erideki bir dayan\u0131\u015fma<br \/>\nise ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131 kucaklayacakt\u0131r. En tam form\u00fclasyonunu<br \/>\n\u201ck\u00fcresel emperyalizme kar\u015f\u0131 k\u00fcresel demokrasi  slogan\u0131 alt\u0131nda yapabilece\u011fimiz<br \/>\nbu s\u00fcre\u00e7 tam da bu anlamda kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenirse ba\u015far\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz<br \/>\nolacakt\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki (hegemonya anlam\u0131nda) k\u00fcreselle\u015fme kar\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n<br \/>\n\u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde yapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u0131rk, din, dil fark\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeksizin geli\u015ftirilen<br \/>\nortak eylemlilikler<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>b\u00f6ylesi bir<br \/>\nm\u00fccadele \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ilk sinyallerini vermektedir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><strong>ABD \u2013 \u00c7in Geriliminin<br \/>\nOrtado\u011fu\u2019ya Etkisi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Mevcut durum kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda Hegemonyan\u0131n k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7leri ise<br \/>\nkendi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclenlerine ula\u015fma yolunda att\u0131klar\u0131 ad\u0131mlar\u0131 Ortado\u011fu co\u011frafyas\u0131<br \/>\ni\u00e7erisinde somutla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ortado\u011fu gerek co\u011frafi gerekse de tarihi<br \/>\nanlam\u0131nda k\u00fcresel hegemonyan\u0131n zaferi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olmazsa olmaz bir alan<br \/>\nkonumundad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle \u00c7in ve ABD aras\u0131nda ya\u015fanan gerilim, b\u00f6lgenin kaderini<br \/>\ndo\u011frudan etkileyecektir. San\u0131lan\u0131n aksine Ortado\u011fu stratejilerine kaynakl\u0131k<br \/>\neden k\u00fcresel stratejiler, kendilerini \u00c7in ve ABD genel \u00e7eli\u015fkisi \u00fczerinden<br \/>\nkonumland\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. ABD&#8217;nin ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz aylarda \u00c7in&#8217;i bir tehlike olarak<br \/>\nifadelendirdi\u011fi g\u00fcvenlik raporundaki sert ifadeler \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyetince<br \/>\ntepki ile kar\u015f\u0131lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Oysa rapor ABD ve m\u00fcttefikleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a hakl\u0131<br \/>\nnedenlere dayanmaktayd\u0131. \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir n\u00fcfus potansiyeline sahip olan \u00c7in Halk<br \/>\nCumhuriyeti devlet kapitalizminin belirli d\u00fczeylerde ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir uygulanmas\u0131 ile<br \/>\nkendi i\u00e7inde ciddi bir b\u00fcy\u00fcme kaydederek, 1995 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren d\u00fcnya k\u00fcresel<br \/>\npiyasas\u0131na dev bir \u00fcretici g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak girmi\u015f \u00fcstelik devasa d\u00fczeyde bulunan<br \/>\nlikit sermayesi ile en b\u00fcy\u00fck<span>\u00a0 <\/span>yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131<br \/>\ng\u00fc\u00e7 olarak pazar\u0131 tehdit etme noktas\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir. Kendi i\u00e7 pazar\u0131n\u0131n tekelini<br \/>\nkilit noktalarda elinde tutmas\u0131n\u0131 bilerek bu g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc zafiyete d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme<br \/>\nyolundaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck hesaplar\u0131 da bo\u015fa \u00e7\u0131karabilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7in&#8217;in \u00fclke olarak bir<br \/>\ntehdit unsuru say\u0131lmas\u0131 bu anlam\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a anlaml\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecektir. Anlams\u0131z<br \/>\nolan ise bunun bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle lanse edilebilmi\u015f olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Oysaki bu tehdit<br \/>\n\u00f6zellikle 1995 y\u0131l\u0131ndan beri bariz bir \u015fekilde kendini if\u015fa etmi\u015fti. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u201cHer sorun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm imk\u00e2nlar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anda sorun olarak<br \/>\ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr  denilir.<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00c7in ekonomisinin<br \/>\nolduk\u00e7a g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc<span>\u00a0 <\/span>yanlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00fclke<br \/>\nolarak \u00c7in&#8217;in demografik ve co\u011frafik yap\u0131s\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 ciddi dezavantajlar\u0131<br \/>\nda vard\u0131r. \u00c7in, demografik olarak irdelendi\u011finde olduk\u00e7a karma\u015f\u0131k bir yap\u0131ya<br \/>\nsahip g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. \u00c7in n\u00fcfusunun % 92&#8217;sini \u201cHan ulusu  olarak bilinen etnik \u00c7inliler<br \/>\nolu\u015fturur. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda h\u00fck\u00fcmet taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131nan 55 etnik grup vard\u0131r. Bu<br \/>\netnik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik \u00f6zellikle 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda m\u00fczakerelerini tamamlayarak D\u00fcnya<br \/>\nTicaret \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcne resmen kat\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan h\u0131zl\u0131 bir ekonomik geni\u015fleme<br \/>\ng\u00f6steren \u00c7in&#8217;in en b\u00fcy\u00fck hasm\u0131 ABD taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmayacak bir olgu<br \/>\nolmu\u015ftur. Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra en b\u00fcy\u00fck zaaf\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen ekonomisinin talep etti\u011fi<br \/>\nmiktar\u0131n \u00e7ok alt\u0131nda do\u011fal ve enerji kaynaklar\u0131 bulunan \u00fclke co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n<br \/>\nmevcut durumudur. Bu iki durum K\u00fcresel hegemonya m\u00fccadelesi veren iki \u00fclke<br \/>\na\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<span>\u00a0 <\/span>birer stratejik vaka<br \/>\nolmaktad\u0131r. ABD&#8217;nin s\u00f6ylem d\u00fczeyinde geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi K\u00fcresel demokrasi ve ulus<br \/>\ndevletin sonu \u00f6nermelerinin \u00c7in&#8217;in etnik yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan hedefledi\u011fi g\u00f6zden<br \/>\nka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Giri\u015fte belirledi\u011fimiz k\u00fcreselle\u015fme tan\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<br \/>\nirdelendi\u011finde asl\u0131nda kavrama i\u00e7kinmi\u015f gibi sunulan insan haklar\u0131, demokrasi<br \/>\nve esneklik olgular\u0131n\u0131n biraz da nereden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olmaktan uzak<br \/>\nde\u011fildir. Burada kastetti\u011fimiz \u015fey bir olgunun b\u00fct\u00fcnen di\u011ferinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131<br \/>\ntespitinden \u00e7ok di\u011ferine de yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nermesidir.<span>\u00a0 <\/span>Enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ve Pazar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<br \/>\nirdelendi\u011finde de Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131 bu iki g\u00fc\u00e7 aras\u0131nda tatmin edici bir muharebe<br \/>\nmeydan\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7izmektedir. \u00d6zellikle \u0130ran&#8217;a Amerikan m\u00fcdahalesinin g\u00fcndemde<br \/>\noldu\u011fu bir d\u00f6nemde \u00c7in ile \u0130ran aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan Yadavaran petrol yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131<br \/>\ni\u015fletme hakk\u0131 \u00fczerindeki antla\u015fma dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00c7in&#8217;in kendi enerji<br \/>\nihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n % 12\u2019sini \u0130ran&#8217;dan sa\u011fl\u0131yor olmas\u0131 da m\u00fcdahalenin amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelik<br \/>\nipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Burada \u00c7in&#8217;in tutumunun mevcut stat\u00fckoyu s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek oldu\u011fu<br \/>\nyan\u0131lg\u0131s\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmemekte yarar vard\u0131r. Aksine \u00c7in de Ortado\u011fu\u2019da mevcut<br \/>\nstat\u00fckonun par\u00e7alanmas\u0131ndan yanad\u0131r. Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki mevcut enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n<br \/>\n\u00f6mr\u00fc 40 y\u0131l kadar g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Bu tarz bir t\u00fcketim ile hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uzun<br \/>\nvadeli bir stratejiye pek de imk\u00e2n vermedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Elbette Pazar<br \/>\nolgusu da \u00f6nemli olmakla birlikte tek ba\u015f\u0131na belirleyici olmaktan uzak<br \/>\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Durumun ABD a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan anlaml\u0131 yanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00c7in&#8217;in<br \/>\n\u00e7evrelenmesi ve enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan uzak tutulmas\u0131 ile pazar\u0131n ABD taraf\u0131ndan<br \/>\nkontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131 avantajlar, bu k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli stratejik ata\u011f\u0131 bir yere<br \/>\nkadar mazur g\u00f6sterebilecektir. Asl\u0131nda Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131n\u0131n en belirleyici y\u00f6n\u00fc<br \/>\nKafkaslar \u00fczerinde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen pazarl\u0131ktan ba\u015fkas\u0131 de\u011fildir. Kafkas pazar\u0131 ve<br \/>\nenerji kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tekele sahip olan Rusya&#8217;n\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki<br \/>\netkinli\u011fini k\u0131rmak, enerji kaynaklar\u0131 ile pazar\u0131 kendi piyasas\u0131na a\u00e7mak isteyen<br \/>\niki g\u00fcc\u00fcn sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131 Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131nda \u015fiddetlenmi\u015ftir. Ortado\u011fu\u2019da egemen<br \/>\nolabilecek g\u00fc\u00e7 Kafkas co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n da anahtar\u0131na sahip bulunacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle<br \/>\n\u0130ran Azerbaycan&#8217;\u0131 en etkili kap\u0131 olma yolunda ileride \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck<br \/>\n\u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n alan\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><strong>Rusya Fakt\u00f6r\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Bug\u00fcnden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00c7in ile Rusya aras\u0131nda geli\u015fen yak\u0131nla\u015fma<br \/>\nda bu do\u011frultuya i\u015faret etmektedir. A\u011fustos 2005&#8217;te yap\u0131lan Rus-\u00c7in ortak<br \/>\naskeri manevralar\u0131, yak\u0131nla\u015fan Rusya-\u00c7in ili\u015fkilerine dair bir fikir<br \/>\nvermektedir. \u0130ki \u00fclke \u00f6zellikle bu tarihten itibaren daha \u00f6nce meydana gelen<br \/>\ns\u0131n\u0131r uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131 ve di\u011fer sorunlar nedeniyle bozuk olan ili\u015fkilerini<br \/>\nd\u00fczelterek \u00e7e\u015fitli ticaret anla\u015fmalar\u0131na ve ortak askeri manevralara imza<br \/>\natabilmi\u015flerdir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda iki \u00fclkenin, \u201c\u015eanghay Be\u015flisi  ad\u0131 ile<br \/>\ngirdikleri b\u00f6lgesel i\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde \u201cter\u00f6rizme ve radikal siyasi<br \/>\nhareketlere kar\u015f\u0131  ortak hareket etme ve bu noktada ekonomik i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapma<br \/>\nkararlar\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131 aralar\u0131ndaki yak\u0131nla\u015fmay\u0131 daha da \u00f6nemli k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\n\u00d6zellikle Rusya&#8217;n\u0131n \u00c7in topraklar\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortak askeri tatbikat\u0131n etkileri<br \/>\nd\u00fcnya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir nevi \u015fok olmaktayd\u0131. \u00c7in ile Rusya aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan bu<br \/>\naskeri manevra Amerika&#8217;n\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki m\u00fcttefikleri olan Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore ve<br \/>\n\u00f6zellikle Tayvan taraf\u0131ndan kayg\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u00c7in ve Rusya aras\u0131nda beliren yak\u0131nla\u015fman\u0131n d\u00fcnyaya verdi\u011fi<br \/>\nmesaj\u0131n anlam\u0131 masaya ortak olduklar\u0131 ve k\u00fcresel sofrada en b\u00fcy\u00fck pay\u0131<br \/>\nistedikleri idi. Bu durum ABD&#8217;nin hegemonyas\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k bir ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131 olarak da<br \/>\nnitelendirilebilir. Rusya, Bat\u0131ya elinde se\u00e7enekler oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermek isterken<br \/>\n\u00c7in de b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bir ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7 olarak Rusya&#8217;n\u0131n petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131na ilgi<br \/>\nduymaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Burada dikkat edilmesi gereken husus \u00c7in ile Rusya aras\u0131ndaki<br \/>\nili\u015fkilerin g\u00f6recelili\u011fi ya da di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle ge\u00e7icili\u011fidir. \u00c7in&#8217;in b\u00fcy\u00fcyen<br \/>\nenerji ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in kuzeyindeki Kafkaslardan yararlanmak<br \/>\nisteyece\u011fi g\u00fcn gelecektir. Bu durum iki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda gerginliklerin de<br \/>\nba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu durum \u00c7in&#8217;i Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131nda etkinli\u011fini<br \/>\npeki\u015ftirmeye ya da di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131nda bir etkinlik siyaseti<br \/>\nbelirlemeye zorlamaktad\u0131r. Bu siyaset yaln\u0131zca \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir zaman i\u00e7in<br \/>\nmevcut stat\u00fckoyu destekleyecektir. Burada ama\u00e7 ABD m\u00fcdahalesine kar\u015f\u0131 zaman ve<br \/>\ntaktik aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktan daha \u00f6teye gitmemektedir. Bu durumu ile \u00c7in<br \/>\nOrtado\u011fu alan\u0131na etkili bir giri\u015f i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde<br \/>\nger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmektedir. Burada ABD, Afganistan ve Irak m\u00fcdahalelerini geli\u015ftirme<br \/>\ntarz\u0131 ve h\u0131z\u0131 ile daha avantajl\u0131 bir durumda g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de Irak\u2019ta istikrar\u0131n tam<br \/>\nanlam\u0131 ile kurulamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 bu g\u00fcc\u00fc zorlar g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">ABD ise geli\u015fen \u00c7in egemenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 bir \u00e7e\u015fit \u00e7evreleme<br \/>\nmant\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile hareket etmektedir. So\u011fuk sava\u015f d\u00f6neminde Sovyet Rusya\u2019ya kar\u015f\u0131<br \/>\nkulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evreleme liberalizmine benzer bir y\u00f6ntemi geli\u015ftirmektedir.<br \/>\nAfganistan \u00fczerine geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi harek\u00e2t ile Kafkaslardan gelen enerji<br \/>\nkaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f\u0131nma yollar\u0131n\u0131 denetimi alt\u0131na al\u0131rken, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde<br \/>\nHindistan ile yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u00fckleer i\u015fbirli\u011fi antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile de \u00c7in&#8217;i Asya\u2019da<br \/>\ns\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rma \u00e7abas\u0131 i\u00e7ine girmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><strong>ABD\u2019nin Olas\u0131 \u0130ran<br \/>\nM\u00fcdahalesine Dair<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Burada \u0130ran&#8217;\u0131n belirleyici \u00f6neme haiz oldu\u011fu yaz\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n<br \/>\n\u00f6nceki b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde a\u00e7\u0131mlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ran&#8217;a d\u00fczenlenecek harek\u00e2t<br \/>\nkonusunda ku\u015fku olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r. Harek\u00e2t ABD&#8217;nin stratejik hedefleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<br \/>\nolmazsa olmaz kabilindedir. ABD y\u00f6netiminin Irak\u2019ta oldu\u011fu bi\u00e7imde bir<br \/>\noperasyondan \u00e7ok daha farkl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7ime ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu ortadad\u0131r. Bir kere ABD<br \/>\noperasyonlar\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir \u015fiddet kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131d\u0131r. ABD bir<br \/>\nalana girmeden \u00f6nce m\u00fcttefik kazanma yoluna girer. Irak\u2019ta K\u00fcrtlerin \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck<br \/>\nm\u00fccadelesi ile kendine yol a\u00e7an ABD i\u00e7in \u0130ran\u2019da durum daha da i\u00e7inden \u00e7\u0131k\u0131lmaz<br \/>\nbir hal almaktad\u0131r. Bir kere \u0130ran\u2019da devrimci bir muhalefet tam anlam\u0131 ile<br \/>\ngeli\u015fse bile ABD kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm de\u011ferler \u00fczerindeki genel h\u00e2kimiyeti bu<br \/>\nalanda destek bulmas\u0131n\u0131 olduk\u00e7a zorla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oysa Fars k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<br \/>\nirdeledi\u011fimizde tarihten gelen demokratik ve reformcu \u00f6z\u00fc g\u00f6rmekte zorlanmay\u0131z.<br \/>\n\u0130ran&#8217;da bir d\u00f6nem ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u00f6\u011frenci hareketleri de bu durumu tasdik eder<br \/>\ng\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. Fakat ba\u015fta da belirtti\u011fimiz \u00fczere \u0130ran muhalefetinin ayn\u0131<br \/>\nzamanda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ABD kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131, ABD&#8217;nin bu alandan<br \/>\nnemalanmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Geriye \u0130ran i\u00e7inde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren etnik<br \/>\nunsurlar kalmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle yo\u011fun K\u00fcrt n\u00fcfusu bu anlamda ABD i\u00e7in en<br \/>\nzorunlu ittifak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc \u00e7izmektedir. Durumun bu bi\u00e7imini g\u00f6rmekte<br \/>\nzorlanmayan \u0130ran&#8217;\u0131n b\u00f6lgedeki K\u00fcrt n\u00fcfusu ve siyasal g\u00fc\u00e7leri \u00fczerine<br \/>\nd\u00fczenledi\u011fi tek yanl\u0131 operasyonlar kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bu olgudan almaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6lgedeki<br \/>\nK\u00fcrt n\u00fcfusun tavr\u0131n\u0131 ise \u0130ran i\u00e7erisinde geli\u015fen demokratik reformlar ve<br \/>\n\u0130ran&#8217;\u0131n K\u00fcrtlerle \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te kuraca\u011f\u0131 ili\u015fki bi\u00e7imleri etkileyecektir<br \/>\nki \u015fu a\u015famada durum pek de \u0130ran lehine g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemektedir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">ABD mevcut etnik g\u00fcc\u00fc arkas\u0131na alarak giri\u015fece\u011fi \u0130ran<br \/>\nm\u00fcdahalesinde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130ran Azerbaycan&#8217;\u0131 \u00fczerine verecektir. Tarihin basit bir<br \/>\ntekerr\u00fcr\u00fc gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclebilecek olay\u0131n ilk senaryolar\u0131 d\u00f6nemin Stalin Rusya&#8217;s\u0131<br \/>\ntaraf\u0131ndan hayata ge\u00e7irilmi\u015fti. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere 2. D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Rus<br \/>\naskerleri \u0130ran Azerbaycan&#8217;\u0131na ait Tebriz&#8217;i i\u015fgal etmi\u015f, Tebriz ba\u015fkent olmak<br \/>\n\u00fczere, bir Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti kurulmu\u015f  ayr\u0131ca K\u00fcrtlerin bulundu\u011fu Mahabad<br \/>\nb\u00f6lgesinde de Molla Mustafa Barzani ve Kad\u0131 Muhammed&#8217;in ba\u015f\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu K\u00fcrt<br \/>\nMahabad Cumhuriyeti ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu sayede Azerbaycan birle\u015fmi\u015f ve K\u00fcrtler<br \/>\nk\u0131sa ve ac\u0131 bir devlet deneyimine sahip olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Daha sonra \u015eah Pehlevi&#8217;nin<br \/>\n\u0130ran\u2019da ABD ve m\u00fcttefiki \u0130ngiltere taraf\u0131ndan desteklenip Sovyet Rusya&#8217;s\u0131na<br \/>\nnota verilerek \u00e7ekilmeye zorlanmas\u0131 bu k\u0131sa deneyimin bilinen sonuna i\u015faret<br \/>\netmi\u015ftir. \u015eimdi ise roller de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnmektedir. ABD&#8217;nin Tebriz merkez olmak<br \/>\n\u00fczere \u0130ran Azerbaycan&#8217;\u0131n\u0131 Bak\u00fc&#8217;ye ba\u011flama \u00e7abalar\u0131na tan\u0131k olaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z<br \/>\nkan\u0131s\u0131nday\u0131z. Bunun i\u015faretlerini iktidardaki \u0130lham Aliyev y\u00f6netimini<br \/>\ns\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak mevcut Azeri muhalefeti ile tehdit etmesi olgusunda g\u00f6rebiliriz.<br \/>\n\u00d6zellikle son Azerbaycan se\u00e7imlerinde bir yandan muhalefete g\u00f6z k\u0131rpan ABD&#8217;nin<br \/>\n\u00f6b\u00fcr taraftan o\u011ful Aliyev&#8217;e g\u00f6z k\u0131rpmas\u0131 asl\u0131nda bir nevi tehdit havas\u0131<br \/>\nta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131.<span>\u00a0 <\/span>Burada ama\u00e7 \u0130ran<br \/>\nm\u00fcdahalesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ve sonras\u0131nda Azerbaycan\u2019da \u00fcslenebilmek ve bu alanda<br \/>\nsivil ve askeri b\u00f6lgeler olu\u015fturabilmektir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">O\u011ful Aliyev&#8217;in ge\u00e7en senelerde garip bir politik cesaret<br \/>\n\u00f6rne\u011fi g\u00f6stererek \u0130ran&#8217;la vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 anla\u015fma, asl\u0131nda bir nevi ABD&#8217;nin Azerbaycan<br \/>\n\u00fczerinde kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 hegemonyaya bir tepki niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131maktayd\u0131. Bu<br \/>\nanla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re \u0130ran ve Azerbaycan stratejik ortak olma noktas\u0131nda anla\u015fm\u0131\u015flar<br \/>\nve Azerbaycan bir ba\u015fka \u00fclkenin \u00fcslerine \u00fclkesini a\u00e7mayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n teminat\u0131n\u0131 bu<br \/>\nanla\u015fma ile vermi\u015ftir. Elbette bu anla\u015fmadan mevcut durumda en fazla Rusya<br \/>\nmemnun olmu\u015ftur. Bu durumu ile ABD&#8217;nin b\u00f6lgedeki durumu daha da riske<br \/>\ngirmi\u015ftir. Asl\u0131nda zorunlu olan \u0130ran m\u00fcdahalesinin gecikmesinin alt\u0131nda yatan<br \/>\nsebeplerden biri de budur. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Mevcut durum bize \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcrecin ABD a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan<br \/>\nOrtado\u011fu\u2019da sald\u0131rgan bir denge politikas\u0131n\u0131n hakim olaca\u011f\u0131na i\u015faret<br \/>\netmektedir. Bu politikan\u0131n bile\u015fenleri K\u00fcrtler, T\u00fcrkler ve Araplar olmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nABD ilk olarak Irak\u2019ta mevcut durumda kendini dayatan istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k ortam\u0131n\u0131<br \/>\nortadan kald\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nlemler almay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnecektir. Irak \u00f6zg\u00fcl\u00fcndeki \u015eii<br \/>\na\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da \u00e7ok fazla zedelemeden fakat S\u00fcnnilerin tepkisini \u00e7ekmeyen<br \/>\na\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n e\u015fit oranda ve dengeli da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir politik stratejiyi hedef<br \/>\ng\u00fcdecektir. Burada dikkat edece\u011fi husus bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn di\u011feri \u00fczerinde h\u00e2kimiyet<br \/>\nkurma \u00e7abalar\u0131d\u0131r ki buna kesinlikle izin vermeyece\u011fini g\u00f6rmekteyiz. ABD bu<br \/>\nbi\u00e7imi ile istemeden de olsa Konfederal bir d\u00fczenlemeye i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u0130ran K\u00fcrt&#8217;\u00fcn\u00fcn durumunu belirleyecek olan ABD ile Azerbaycan<br \/>\naras\u0131nda geli\u015fecek olan ili\u015fki ve \u00e7eli\u015fkilerin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te alaca\u011f\u0131<br \/>\ny\u00f6nd\u00fcr. \u015eimdilik ili\u015fkinin bi\u00e7imi \u0130ran K\u00fcrt\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc ikinci plana atmaktad\u0131r. Bu da<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye ile ABD&#8217;nin K\u00fcrt \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck M\u00fccadelesi konusunda \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde<br \/>\ndaha fazla i\u015fbirli\u011fine girece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. ABD T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;den Azerbaycan<br \/>\nile aras\u0131nda arabulucu rol\u00fc \u00fcslenmesini isteyecektir.<span>\u00a0 <\/span>Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 ABD &#8211; Rusya yak\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131na da<br \/>\ntan\u0131kl\u0131k edebilir. ABD&#8217;nin Rusya&#8217;ya tavizler vererek geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131<br \/>\nbir ili\u015fki bi\u00e7iminde kullanaca\u011f\u0131 koz T\u00fcrkiye olacakt\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye g\u00f6stermelik de olsa \u00e7e\u015fitli tavizler vermeyi kabul edece\u011fini<br \/>\nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebiliriz. Bu tavizlerin K\u00fcrt \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Hareketinin aleyhine oldu\u011fu ise su<br \/>\ng\u00f6t\u00fcrmezdir. T\u00fcrk devletinin son d\u00f6nemlerde K\u00fcrt halk\u0131 \u00fczerinde geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi<br \/>\nimha politikalar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda yatan sebeplerden birinin de bu oldu\u011fu<br \/>\nbilinmektedir. Fakat ABD i\u00e7in \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir durum da \u0130ran K\u00fcrt&#8217;\u00fcn\u00fcn siyasal<br \/>\ntercihinin PKK&#8217;ye do\u011fru<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>artan<br \/>\ne\u011filimidir. Bu durum ABD i\u00e7in belirleyicidir. T\u00fcrkiye devletinin ABD destekli<br \/>\nartan operasyonlar\u0131 hem PKK&#8217;ye bir g\u00f6zda\u011f\u0131 niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131makta hem de bir tercih<br \/>\ndurumuna do\u011fru itilmektedir. Elbette bu durum bir yedekleme stratejisinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc<br \/>\ngibi g\u00f6z\u00fckmektedir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u00c7in&#8217;in durumunu ve etkisini yukar\u0131da k\u0131saca tart\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131k.<br \/>\n\u00c7in bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131nda \u0130ran&#8217;a yap\u0131lacak m\u00fcdahaleyi geciktirme<br \/>\n\u00e7abalar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda aktif rol oynamayacakt\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcreci Rusya \u00fczerinden<br \/>\ngeli\u015ftirece\u011fi Kafkas stratejileri \u00fczerinde etkilemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. Elbette<br \/>\n\u0130ran ile stratejik ve ekonomik i\u015fbirli\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde yeni ad\u0131mlar ataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da<br \/>\nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteyiz. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \">\u00a0<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">S\u00fcrecin kilit ismi \u0130ran i\u00e7in ise \u00e7ok reel politikalar<br \/>\n\u00f6ng\u00f6rmekten uzaktay\u0131z. \u0130ran kendi i\u00e7indeki bask\u0131 ve \u015fiddeti t\u0131rmand\u0131rarak d\u0131\u015fa<br \/>\nkar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi tehditk\u00e2r tutumunun i\u00e7eride muhalefete tak\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131<br \/>\ngarantilemek isteyecektir. Bu durum gerek Fars halk\u0131 gerekse de K\u00fcrt halk\u0131<br \/>\n\u00fczerinde ciddi bask\u0131 ve \u015fiddet politikalar\u0131n\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>anlam\u0131na gelecektir ki bu politikan\u0131n \u0130ran<br \/>\na\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan pek de olumlu sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemeliyiz. \u0130ran enerji<br \/>\nkozunu oynamaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmayacak ve petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131rarak d\u00fcnyaya g\u00f6zda\u011f\u0131<br \/>\nverme yolunu se\u00e7ecektir. Petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 d\u00fcnyada bir tek \u00c7in Halk<br \/>\nCumhuriyetinin i\u015fine yaramaktad\u0131r ki bu da \u0130ran&#8217;\u0131n elini ABD kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda<br \/>\ng\u00fc\u00e7lendirecektir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><strong>Sonu\u00e7 Yerine <\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Genel durum i\u00e7erisinde ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Ortado\u011fu alan\u0131n\u0131n<br \/>\nmevcut haritas\u0131 bu \u015fekilde belirmektedir. Bizim i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgeye oynayan g\u00fc\u00e7lerin<br \/>\nkararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bunun sebepleri tek c\u00fcmle i\u00e7erisinde belirlenecek kadar nettir:<br \/>\n\u201cOrtado\u011fu&#8217;yu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015fecektir.  Bu y\u00fczden mevcut g\u00fc\u00e7ler<br \/>\nb\u00f6lgeye haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131, yo\u011fun ve \u015fiddetli bir sald\u0131r\u0131 ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bat\u0131<br \/>\nk\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn bile\u015fenleri taraf\u0131ndan tarihsiz halklar olarak ifade edilen b\u00f6lge<br \/>\nhalklar\u0131 ise ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde bir haz\u0131rl\u0131k i\u00e7inde olamam\u0131\u015flar, alternatif savunma<br \/>\ny\u00f6ntemleri geli\u015ftirememi\u015flerdir. K\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7lere kar\u015f\u0131 par\u00e7al\u0131 ve stat\u00fckocu<br \/>\nduru\u015flar sergilemi\u015flerdir. Bu da mevcut muhalefeti ve demokrasi g\u00fc\u00e7lerini<br \/>\niyiden iyiye zay\u0131f bir konumlan\u0131\u015fa itmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Elbette d\u00fcnya egemenli\u011fi \u00fczerine y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bir sava\u015f\u0131m\u0131n<br \/>\nb\u00f6ylesi dar bir alanda yo\u011funla\u015fmas\u0131 a\u015firet sava\u015flar\u0131ndan daha \u00f6tesini ya\u015famam\u0131\u015f<br \/>\nb\u00f6lge halklar\u0131 i\u00e7in al\u0131\u015f\u0131lmad\u0131k ve gere\u011finden daha ac\u0131mas\u0131z bir s\u00fcre\u00e7<br \/>\nolmaktad\u0131r. Bunun bir sonucu olarak kendi genel stratejilerini egemenlerin<br \/>\ntaktik hamleleri \u00fczerine kuran \u00e7e\u015fitli oligar\u015fik, stat\u00fckocu ve ilkel milliyet\u00e7i<br \/>\nolu\u015fumlar ise s\u00fcrecin k\u0131r\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde kavgaya tutu\u015farak halklar\u0131n birle\u015fik<br \/>\nve topyek\u00fbn m\u00fccadelesinin \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel olu\u015fturmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Burada K\u00fcrt<br \/>\nve T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n duru\u015fu ve m\u00fccadele bi\u00e7imi \u00f6zel bir konum almaktad\u0131r. K\u00fcrt<br \/>\nhalk\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rt par\u00e7aya yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f konumu bir ayr\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7ok do\u011fal bir<br \/>\nbirle\u015ftirici, m\u00fccadeleyi merkezile\u015ftirici bir role i\u015faret etmektedir. Teorik<br \/>\na\u00e7\u0131dan K\u00fcrtler mevcut s\u00fcrece kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirdikleri \u201cdemokratik uygarl\u0131k<br \/>\nstratejileri ile s\u00fcreci en iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleyen halk konumundad\u0131rlar. T\u00fcrk halk\u0131 ise<br \/>\ngerek Ortado\u011fu halklar\u0131n\u0131n tarihsel yap\u0131lar\u0131ndan ayr\u0131 bir tarihsel durumu ifade<br \/>\netmesi, gerekse de bununla paralel anlamda i\u00e7erisinde bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131<span>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>devrimci demokratik dinamiklerin bir sonucu<br \/>\nolarak<span>\u00a0 <\/span>bir de\u011fi\u015fim ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm prati\u011fine<br \/>\nen yak\u0131n halklardan biri konumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p class=\" \"><span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Bu iki halk\u0131n devrimci, demokratik ve yurtsever g\u00fc\u00e7lerinin<br \/>\nortak belirlenecek strateji etraf\u0131nda \u015fekillendirecekleri m\u00fccadele, b\u00f6lgenin<br \/>\ndi\u011fer halklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda da ayn\u0131 d\u00fczeyde bir i\u015fbirli\u011finin geli\u015fimi anlam\u0131na gelecektir.<br \/>\nBu ittifak, s\u00fcrecin gelinen a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n bir sonucu olarak d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131n geri<br \/>\nkalan\u0131 \u00fczerinde de etkili sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furabilecek bir d\u00fczeye ula\u015fabilecektir.<br \/>\nB\u00f6ylece en ba\u015f\u0131ndan b\u00f6lgesel ya da bir veya birka\u00e7 halk\u0131n m\u00fccadelesinden daha<br \/>\nfazlas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden egemenlerin sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131, pratik alanda da kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131<br \/>\nbulacak ve egemenlerin Ortado\u011fu&#8217;ya t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7leri ile y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri<br \/>\nsald\u0131r\u0131ya yine Ortado\u011fu ve d\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fbirli\u011finin bir sonucu olarak t\u00fcm<br \/>\nd\u00fcnya halklar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7leri ile cevap verilebilecektir.<span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\" \">Ali R\u0131zgar<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">K\u00fcrdistan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/p>\n<p class=\" \">www.lekolin.org &#8211; www.lekolin.net \u2013 www.lekolin.info<\/p>\n<p>\t<!-- parveke begin --><\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\"><\/div>\n<p><!-- parveke END -->\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><b>\u015eu a\u00e7\u0131k bir ger\u00e7ekliktir ki tarihin hi\u00e7bir d\u00f6neminde insano\u011flu zihinsel manip\u00fclasyon anlam\u0131nda bu denli dumura u\u011frat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f, bu denli k\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcmle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir. <\/b><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1514,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[32,31,36,33,30,35,34],"class_list":["post-1513","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arastirmalar","tag-arastirma","tag-kurdi","tag-kurdish","tag-kurdistan","tag-lekolin","tag-turkish","tag-turkiye"],"acf":[],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1513"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1513\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1514"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1513"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1513"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1513"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}