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B\u00f6lgede \u015fimdiye kadar enerji ve sulama i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilen 50 baraj\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra son y\u0131llarda yap\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcren ve yap\u0131lmak istenen 30’a yak\u0131n Baraj ve y\u00fczlerce Hidroelektrik Santral (HES) ile enerjiden \u00e7ok g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. Bing\u00f6l, \u015e\u0131rnak, Hakk\u00e2ri, Batman, Mardin, Diyarbak\u0131r ve Dersim’de yap\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcren ve yap\u0131lmak istenen barajlarla hem b\u00f6lgedeki tarihi yerler, hem yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131, hem de endemik bitki t\u00fcrleri ve canl\u0131 ekosistemi do\u011frudan etkilenece\u011fi i\u00e7in, projeler s\u0131k s\u0131k kamuoyunun tepkisiyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca 1990’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda yak\u0131larak bo\u015falt\u0131lan, 2000’lerde tekrar d\u00f6n\u00fclen k\u00f6yler, \u015fimdi de s\u00f6z konusu barajlar\u0131n olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6l alanlar\u0131 nedeniyle bo\u015falt\u0131lacak ve barajlar\u0131n y\u00fcz bini a\u015fk\u0131n insan\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcne neden olabilece\u011fi kaydediliyor.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’de milli gelirin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc “g\u00fcvenlik” gerek\u00e7esi ile Milli Savunma Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Genelkurmay Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Emniyet M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc’ne aktar\u0131l\u0131rken, \u00f6zellikle K\u00fcrt sorununa ili\u015fkin t\u00fcm politikalarda da “g\u00fcvenlik” esas al\u0131n\u0131yor. Devletin “g\u00fcvenlik\u00e7i” bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ile olu\u015fturulan politikalar\u0131n sonucu olarak b\u00f6lgede e\u011fitimden sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa, tar\u0131mdan sanayiye, istihdama, n\u00fcfus planlamas\u0131ndan turizme, tarihi ve do\u011fal mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131na kadar bu politika kendini g\u00f6steriyor. S\u00f6z konusu “g\u00fcvenlik” politikalar\u0131n\u0131n en somut \u00f6rne\u011fi ise yap\u0131m\u0131 tamamlanan ve yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan barajlarla ve bu barajlar konusunda yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla kendini d\u0131\u015fa vuruyor. B\u00f6lgede \u015fimdiye kadar enerji ve sulama i\u00e7in in\u015fa edilen 50 baraj\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra son y\u0131llarda yap\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcren ve yap\u0131lmak istenen 30’a yak\u0131n Baraj ve y\u00fczlerce Hidroelektrik Santral (HES) ile enerjiden \u00e7ok g\u00fcvenli\u011fin sa\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. \u015eimdiye kadar b\u00f6lgede yap\u0131lan, in\u015faat halinde olan ve yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan barajlar hem yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131, hem endemik bitki t\u00fcrleri, hem b\u00f6lgedeki tarihi yerleri, hem de canl\u0131 ekosistemi do\u011frudan etkiledi\u011fi gibi, barajlar\u0131n y\u00fcz bini a\u015fk\u0131n insan\u0131n g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcne neden olabilece\u011fi de kaydediliyor. Yine Orman ve Su \u0130\u015fleri Bakan\u0131 Veysel Ero\u011flu’nun sorulan bir sonu \u00f6nergesine verdi\u011fi yan\u0131ta g\u00f6re “Aktif hidroelektrik santrallerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 333, \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r taraf\u0131ndan in\u015faat\u0131na devam edilen HES say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 237, bug\u00fcne kadar 924 \u00f6zel \u015firket ile ‘Elektrik Piyasas\u0131nda \u00dcretim Faaliyetinde Bulunmak \u00dczere Su Kullan\u0131m Hakk\u0131 Anla\u015fmas\u0131 \u0130mzalanmas\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Usul ve Esaslar Hakk\u0131nda Y\u00f6netmelik’ h\u00fck\u00fcmleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde su kullan\u0131m hakk\u0131 anla\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131” belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
S\u0131n\u0131ra sudan 11 set<\/p>\n
Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan baraj say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n en fazla oldu\u011fu illerin ba\u015f\u0131nda \u0130ran ve Federal K\u00fcrdistan B\u00f6lgesi\u2019nde yer alan \u015e\u0131rnak ve Hakk\u00e2ri gelirken, \u015e\u0131rnak s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131nda 7, Hakk\u00e2ri\u2019de ise 4 tane baraj\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131na DS\u0130 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fland\u0131. \u015e\u0131rnak’\u0131n Federal K\u00fcrdistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda Uludere \u0130l\u00e7esi H\u00eazil ve Ortasu (Roboski) \u00e7aylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde “Silopi, \u015e\u0131rnak, Uludere, Ball\u0131, Kav\u015faktepe, Musatepe ve \u00c7etintepe adlar\u0131nda 7, Hakk\u00e2ri\u2019nin \u00c7ukurca \u0130l\u00e7esi yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda G\u00fczeldere \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde G\u00f6lgeliyama\u00e7 ve \u00c7ocuktepe adlar\u0131nda 2, \u0130ran s\u0131n\u0131r kesiminde bulunan \u015eemdinli ile Y\u00fcksekova il\u00e7eleri aras\u0131nda bulunan Bembo \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde ise Beyyurdu ve Aslanda\u011f adlar\u0131nda 2 olmak \u00fczere toplam 11 baraj yap\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Barajlar enerji i\u00e7in de\u011fil, g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131yor<\/p>\n
Barajlar\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 ile \u015e\u0131rnak-Uludere’den Hakk\u00e2ri-\u00c7ukurca’ya kadar s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 olu\u015fturan da\u011fl\u0131k b\u00f6lgede bulunan derin vadilerin su ile doldurulmas\u0131n\u0131n planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaydedilirken, s\u00f6z konusu barajlar i\u00e7in devletin resmi yetkilileri dahi barajlar\u0131n enerji veya sulama ama\u00e7l\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Barajlarla sa\u011flanacak “g\u00fcvenlik” beklentisinin yan\u0131nda b\u00f6lgenin 1990’l\u0131 y\u0131llar sonras\u0131 ba\u015flayan k\u00f6y yakma ve bo\u015faltma politikas\u0131 gibi b\u00f6lgenin insans\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmak istendi\u011fi de belirtilirken, barajlar\u0131n olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6l yataklar\u0131 nedeniyle k\u00f6ylerine d\u00f6nmek isteyen yurtta\u015flar\u0131 da sular alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f ev ve araziler beklemi\u015f olacak.<\/p>\n
Dersim’de tarih de ya\u015fam da do\u011fa da su alt\u0131nda kalacak<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca Dersim-Ovac\u0131k aras\u0131nda uzanan ve 42 bin hektarl\u0131k bir alanda bulunan ve 1971 y\u0131l\u0131nda “Milli Park” olarak ilan edilen Munzur Vadisi’nde de 14 baraj ve Hidroelektrik Santral yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlan\u0131yor. Vadide Konaktepe I, II, Hidro Elektrik Santrali (HES), Akyay\u0131k, Kaletepe, Bozkaya, Konaktepe, P\u00fcl\u00fcm\u00fcr Baraj\u0131 ile birlikte dolumu devam eden Uzun\u00e7ay\u0131r Baraj\u0131 bulunmakta. Munzur Vadisi’nde tespit edilebilen 43’\u00fc Munzur’a \u00f6zg\u00fc 228’i endemik olan bin 518 bitki t\u00fcr\u00fc bulunmakta. Munzur Milli Park\u0131’nda ayr\u0131ca \u00e7engel boynuzlu ke\u00e7i, bezuvar isimli da\u011f ke\u00e7isi, ur kekli\u011fi, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 benekli alabal\u0131k gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli hayvan t\u00fcrleri gibi vadiye has t\u00fcrler ya\u015f\u0131yor. Munzur Vadisi Milli Park\u0131, bitki ve hayvan \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan e\u015fsiz endemik t\u00fcrlere sahip bir alan olup tabiat \u00f6zellikleri ve g\u00fczellikleri ile \u00f6nemli bir alan olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Kutsal ziyaretler de sular alt\u0131nda<\/p>\n
Baraj sular\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda yo\u011funlukla Alevi K\u00fcrt kimli\u011fine sahip halk\u0131n kutsal mek\u00e2nlar\u0131 da su alt\u0131nda kalacak. Bunlardan bir tanesi de dolumu devam eden Uzun\u00e7ay\u0131r Baraj\u0131’n\u0131n g\u00f6leti alt\u0131nda kalan Mameki K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda bulunan Gola \u00c7eto Ziyareti. Ziyaret ‘H\u0131z\u0131r Baba’n\u0131n mek\u00e2n\u0131 olarak biliniyor. Ziyaret her y\u0131l Mart’\u0131n ilk haftas\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ve ay boyunca s\u00fcren “\u00c7ar\u015fema Re\u015f Bayram\u0131” \u015fenliklerinde binlerce ki\u015finin ak\u0131n etti\u011fi bir mek\u00e2n \u00f6zelli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131makta.<\/p>\n
Barajlar s\u00fcrg\u00fcn planlar\u0131ndan kalma!<\/p>\n
90’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda bo\u015falt\u0131lan onlarca k\u00f6y de sular alt\u0131nda kalacak<\/p>\n
Y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcren raporlarla da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan barajlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ile Dersim co\u011frafyas\u0131 3’e b\u00f6l\u00fcnecek. \u00c7emi\u015fgezek yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda Tagar suyu \u00fczerinde kurulacak barajlarla Ali Bo\u011faz\u0131 da g\u00f6le d\u00f6necek ve vadinin en verimli birinci s\u0131n\u0131f tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sular alt\u0131nda kalacak. Kalan b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde \u00fcretilen sebze ve meyde pazara ula\u015fmas\u0131 imk\u00e2ns\u0131z hale gelecek. Barajlarla Mercan, \u0130lksor, Munzur, Har\u00e7\u0131k ve Ali Bo\u011faz\u0131 vadilerinin sularla doldurulmas\u0131 ile Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Dersim’in arazi olarak birbirinden kopar\u0131lmas\u0131, Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Dersim’in barajlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kendi i\u00e7inde de bir ka\u00e7 par\u00e7aya ayr\u0131lacak. Barajlar di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerde oldu\u011fu gibi g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc de zorunlu k\u0131lacak. Dersim’de bu barajlardan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc yakla\u015f\u0131k 100 k\u00f6y ile birlikte en az 5 bin ki\u015filik bir n\u00fcfusun yerinden edilece\u011fi hesaplan\u0131yor. Yine 1990’l\u0131 y\u0131llar sonras\u0131 tamamen bo\u015falt\u0131lan onlarca k\u00f6y de sular alt\u0131nda kalacak. K\u00f6ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fler de imk\u00e2ns\u0131z hale gelecek.<\/p>\n
‘Barajlar yap\u0131l\u0131rsa t\u00fcm kutsallar\u0131m\u0131z yok olacak’<\/p>\n
Dersim Do\u011fa aktivistleri s\u0131k s\u0131k yapt\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamalarla yap\u0131lacak barajlar\u0131n Munzur da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 tamamen insans\u0131zla\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade ediyor. Barajlarla yerle\u015fim yerleri, bitki ve canl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerini yok edece\u011fine i\u015faret eden aktivistler, “Ayr\u0131ca y\u00fcz\u00fcn y\u00fczerinde yerle\u015fim yeri yok olacakt\u0131r, beraberinde g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc getirerek k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve inan\u00e7sal tahribata neden olacakt\u0131r” diyor. “Zaten barajlar yap\u0131l\u0131rsa bizim t\u00fcm kutsallar\u0131m\u0131z yok olacakt\u0131r. A\u011flayan Kayal\u0131klar gibi, Gola \u00c7eto, Ana Fatma gibi” diyen aktivistler “Bozkaya Baraj\u0131 ile HES, Kaletepe Baraj\u0131 ve HES, Munzur Vadisi’ndeki Milli Parklar s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgede mutlak olarak korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini yasalar belirtiyor. Ancak Konaktepe Baraj\u0131 ile HES Akyay\u0131k Baraj\u0131 ihaleleri tamamlanm\u0131\u015f durumda, bu baraj ve HES’lerin i\u015fletmek \u00fczere ba\u015fvurduklar\u0131 enerji piyasas\u0131 ihaleleri durmaktad\u0131r. Bu barajlar Munzur Vadisi Milli Parklar kanununa g\u00f6re iptal edilmek zorundad\u0131r” ifadesinde bulunuyor. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve do\u011fal de\u011ferlerin kurtulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in herkesi m\u00fccadele etmeye davet eden aktivistler barajlara kar\u015f\u0131 seferberlik ba\u015flatma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
‘Senede 60 santim uzayan me\u015fe \u015fimdilerde 10 santim uzuyor’<\/p>\n
Barajlar\u0131n do\u011fa ve insanl\u0131\u011fa b\u00fcy\u00fck zarar verdi\u011fini ifade eden Dersim \u00c7evre Giri\u015fimi aktivistleri de, barajlar\u0131n d\u00fcnyadaki ekosistemi bozdu\u011funu, var olan canl\u0131lar\u0131 yok etti\u011fini, baraj sular\u0131n\u0131n yeti\u015fmedi\u011fi yerlerde iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi nedeniyle ormanlar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmedi\u011fini, senede 60 santim uzayan me\u015fe orman\u0131n\u0131n \u015fu an 10 santim uzad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydediyor. Keban Baraj\u0131’n\u0131n dahi Dersim’deki iklimi de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7eken aktivistler, “Dersim’de yap\u0131lacak barajlarda \u00e7evreye y\u00f6nelik ciddi tahribata neden olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bilincindeyiz. Derelerimiz, \u00e7aylar\u0131m\u0131z kurutuldu\u011fu takdirde bu co\u011frafya t\u00fcm g\u00fczelli\u011fi ve zenginli\u011fi barajlarla yok olacakt\u0131r. Onun i\u00e7in do\u011fa ve insanl\u0131\u011fa yarar getirebilecek alternatif elektrik \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r” diyor.<\/p>\n
50 y\u0131ll\u0131k baraj i\u00e7in 12 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k bellek silinecek<\/p>\n
Bing\u00f6l’de Peri Nehri \u00fczerine yap\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcren Ki\u011f\u0131 HES \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da do\u011fa ve tarih katliam\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Baraj in\u015faat\u0131nda tarihi Ki\u011f\u0131 Kalesi’nin ta\u015flar\u0131 da s\u00f6k\u00fclerek kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, kalenin kuruldu\u011fu kayal\u0131k zemin dinamitlerle patlat\u0131ld\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye’nin ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck hacimli baraj\u0131 ve enerji \u00fcretimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck hidroelektrik santrali olaca\u011f\u0131 iddia edilen Dicle nehrinin suyunun tutulmas\u0131 ile yap\u0131lmas\u0131 planlanan Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 ve hidroelektrik santrali d\u00fcnya g\u00fcndeminde de yer tutan bir proje. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fi 50 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan “g\u00fcvenlik, insans\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rma, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine sebep olacak” gibi yap\u0131lan ele\u015ftirilerin yan\u0131nda baraj\u0131n en \u00e7ok g\u00fcndeme getirdi\u011fi konu ise 12 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7mi\u015fe sahip olan ve insanl\u0131k tarihinde bilinen ilk yerle\u015fimlerden olan Hasankeyf’in sular alt\u0131nda kalacak olmas\u0131. Dicle Nehri ve onunla birle\u015fen \u00e7evredeki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck akarsular\u0131n 100 binlerce y\u0131ll\u0131k a\u015f\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131 sonucu meydana geldi\u011fi tahmin edilen Hasankeyf’te kalenin bulundu\u011fu alanda yer alan Yukar\u0131 \u015eehir, Dicle’nin g\u00fcneyindeki teraslara yay\u0131lan A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 \u015eehir ve Dicle’nin kuzeyindeki teraslarda bulunan kent alanlar\u0131 ve mahalleler olmak \u00fczere 3 ana b\u00f6l\u00fcm, 6 bine yak\u0131n ma\u011fara, kale, kaledeki Eyyubilere ait Ulu Cami, B\u00fcy\u00fck Saray ve K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Saray, tam olarak bilinmese de yap\u0131m tarihi Asurlular d\u00f6nemine dayand\u0131r\u0131lan Ta\u015f K\u00f6pr\u00fc, Eyyubi Sultan S\u00fcleyman taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131lan El-R\u0131zk Camii, Sultan S\u00fcleyman Camii, Eyyubilere ait Ko\u00e7 Camii, Hasankeyf’in sembollerinden ve Akkoyunlulara ait tek eser olan Zeynel Bey T\u00fcrbesi bu eserlerin ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n
Halk yerinden olacak, canl\u0131lar da yok olacak<\/p>\n
Mardin ve \u015e\u0131rnak \u0130l s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Darge\u00e7it \u0130l\u00e7esi\u2019nin 15 kilometre do\u011fusunda yer alacak baraj ve HES ile 1981’de Sit alan\u0131 ilan edilen Hasankeyf il\u00e7e merkezi ile birlikte 95’i k\u00f6y ve 104’\u00fc mezra olmak \u00fczere, toplam 200 yerle\u015fim yerinin tamam\u0131 veya bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sular alt\u0131nda kalacak. Proje ile b\u00f6lgedeki yerle\u015fimlerde 55 bin ile 80 bin aras\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfusun g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kalaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. Baraj, Dicle’nin k\u0131vr\u0131m k\u0131vr\u0131m i\u00e7inden ak\u0131p ge\u00e7ti\u011fi Hasankeyf Kalesi y\u00fcksekli\u011findeki kanyonu, Kaplumba\u011fa Rafet ismi ile de an\u0131lan Latince ismiyle Rafetus euphraticus, \u00e7\u00f6l varan\u0131 gibi s\u00fcr\u00fcngenler, k\u0131z\u0131l akbaba, tav\u015fanc\u0131k, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck akbaba, kerkenez, batakl\u0131k k\u0131rlang\u0131c\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131zku\u015fu, alaca yal\u0131\u00e7apk\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6kkuzgun, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck sa\u011fan, kocag\u00f6z, toy, k\u0131z\u0131lca gibi pek \u00e7ok ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fc, cobitis kellei, schistura cheyrsicristinae gibi endemik bal\u0131k t\u00fcrleri, \u00e7izgili s\u0131rtlan, karakulak, va\u015fak, su samuru gibi memeli t\u00fcrlerinin aralar\u0131nda bulundu\u011fu \u00e7ok say\u0131da canl\u0131n\u0131n da ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131racak. Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131’nda halk, yerel yetkili, \u00e7evreci, sanat\u00e7\u0131 olmak \u00fczere hemen her \u00e7evreden tepki almas\u0131na ra\u011fmen h\u00fck\u00fcmetin yap\u0131m\u0131nda \u0131srar etmesi dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n
Sadece 12 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k Hasankeyf de\u011fil, pek \u00e7ok irili ufakl\u0131 h\u00f6y\u00fck de sular alt\u0131nda kalacak<\/p>\n
Hasankeyf Ya\u015fatma Giri\u015fimi, genel olarak barajlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00fczerine bir tahribat\u0131 oldu\u011funu kaydederek, “Zaten hepimizin de bildi\u011fi gibi \u015fu ana kadar medeniyetler genel olarak akarsu kenarlar\u0131nda kurulmu\u015flard\u0131r ve bu \u015fekilde bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr birikimi s\u00f6z konusudur akarsu kenarlar\u0131nda. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla da barajlar yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman buradaki tarihi arkeolojik de\u011ferler yok oluyor. Il\u0131s\u0131 Baraj\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da yok edece\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fer de Hasankeyf’tir. Hasankeyf \u015fuana kadar yap\u0131lan kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na g\u00f6re 12 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k bir tarihe sahiptir fakat yok olacak tek yer Hasankeyf de\u011fildir bunun yan\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok irili ufakl\u0131 h\u00f6y\u00fck vard\u0131r. Say\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00fczlerle ifade edilebilecek h\u00f6y\u00fckler vard\u0131r. Bunu da bir kenara b\u0131rakacak olursak nehir kenar\u0131ndaki en verimli topraklar baraj\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 sular alt\u0131nda kalacak” uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulunuyor.<\/p>\n
Barajdan 100 bin insan etkilenecek<\/p>\n
Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 ile birlikte tahminen dolayl\u0131 veya dolays\u0131z 100 bin insan\u0131 etkileyece\u011fine i\u015faret eden Giri\u015fim, “Bunlardan yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 70 bini g\u00f6\u00e7 etmek zorunda kalacak ve sosyal bir sorun hale gelecekler. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u0131rsal kesimlerden \u015fehirlere do\u011fru zorunlu bir g\u00f6\u00e7 meydana gelecektir ve \u015fehir ya\u015fam\u0131na adapte olamayan insanlar da hem kendileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan sorun ya\u015fayacaklar hem de mevcut \u015fehirde ya\u015fayan insanlar i\u00e7in de sosyal bir sorun haline gelebilecekler” diyor. Yap\u0131lacak olan baraj ile Dicle nehri havzas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde yer alan endemik t\u00fcrdeki bitki ve hayvanlar\u0131n soyunun da t\u00fckenece\u011fi kaydediliyor.<\/p>\n
Bug\u00fcne kadar b\u00f6lgede Do\u011fu Anadolu’da 35, G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu’da da 15 olmak \u00fczere toplam 50 baraj yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. S\u00f6z konusu barajlar nedeniyle de bir\u00e7ok yerle\u015fim yeri, tarihi yer, bitki ve canl\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc yok oldu. \u0130\u015fte \u015fimdiye kadar yap\u0131lan barajlar\u0131n isimleri, yap\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 yer, kaplad\u0131klar\u0131 alan ve ama\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/p>\n
Serhat\u2019ta yap\u0131lan barajlar: (35)<\/p>\n
* Mu\u015f’ta Murat Nehri \u00fczerinde Alpaslan-1 Baraj\u0131 enerji \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1998-2002 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak ve kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 3 milyon 500 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 91 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 2 bin 993 hektometre k\u00fcp (hm3), normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 114,80 kilometrekaredir. Baraj 160 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile y\u0131ll\u0131k 488 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretiyor.<\/p>\n
* Kars’ta Arpa\u00e7ay \u00fczerinde bulunan Arpa\u00e7ay Baraj\u0131 sulama ve ta\u015fk\u0131n \u00f6nleme amac\u0131 ile 1975-1983 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Beton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 180 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 59 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 525 hektometre k\u00fcp, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 41,80 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Kars’ta Bozku\u015f Deresi \u00fczerinde bulunan Bayburt Baraj\u0131, sulama ve i\u00e7me suyu amac\u0131yla 1995-2003 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 790 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 57 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 50,84 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 3,52 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* \u00c7\u0131ld\u0131r Baraj\u0131, Kars’ta, \u00c7\u0131ld\u0131r G\u00f6l\u00fc \u00fczerinde, sulama ve enerji \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1969-1976 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 62 milyon metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 12 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi bin 175 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 123 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Erzurum’da Ba\u015fk\u00f6y \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde bulunan Ba\u015fk\u00f6y Baraj\u0131, sulama amac\u0131yla 1998-2003 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon 850 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 101 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 165,51 hektometre k\u00fcp, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 4,90 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Demird\u00f6ven Baraj\u0131, Erzurum’da, T\u0131mar \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1986-1996 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon 500 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 67 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 34,25 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 1,45 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Kuzgun Baraj\u0131, Erzurum’da, S\u0131rl\u0131 \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama ve enerji \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1985-1996 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 3 milyon 627 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 110 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 312 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 11,20 kilometrekaredir. Baraj 23 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile de y\u0131ll\u0131k 36 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretmektedir.<\/p>\n
* Paland\u00f6ken Baraj\u0131, Erzurum’da, Lezgi Deresi \u00fczerinde, sulama ve i\u00e7me suyu \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1994-2001 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 500 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 49 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 220,44 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 50,50 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Pazaryolu Baraj\u0131, Erzurum’da, De\u011firmendere \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1998-2002 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 780 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 70 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 3,02 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 0,10 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Malatya’da Boztepe Baraj\u0131, Kuru\u00e7ay \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1994-2002 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 4 milyon 300 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 81 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 83,70 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 4,90 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* \u00c7at Baraj\u0131, Malatya’da, Abd\u00fclharap \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1985-1996 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak ve kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon 475 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 78 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 240 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 14,30 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Kap\u0131kaya Baraj\u0131, Malatya’da, Mamikhan \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1998-2004 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 4 milyon 415 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 90 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 67 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 0,20 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Medik Baraj\u0131, Malatya’da Tohma \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131 ile 1966 – 1975 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak ve kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 811 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 43 bin metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 22 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 1,62 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Polat Baraj\u0131, Malatya’da, Polat \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde sulama amac\u0131yla 1985-1990 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon 100 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 54 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 11,50 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 2,99 kilometredir.<\/p>\n
* Sultansuyu Baraj\u0131, Malatya’da, Sultansuyu \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1986-1992 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 3 milyon 205 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 60 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 53,30 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 2,26 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* S\u00fcrg\u00fc Baraj\u0131, Malatya ilinde, S\u00fcrg\u00fc \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131 ile 1965 – 1969 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir barajd\u0131r. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 220 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 55 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 70,93 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 5,10 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Yoncal\u0131 Baraj\u0131, Malatya’da, Maslakba\u015f\u0131 \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1996-2002 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 3 milyon 137 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 87 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 15 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 0,45 kilometredir.<\/p>\n
* Cip Baraj\u0131, Elaz\u0131\u011f’da Cip \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, 1965 y\u0131l\u0131nda sulama amac\u0131 ile in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir barajd\u0131r. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 446 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 23 metredir. su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 7 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 1,10 kilometrekaredir. Daha \u00f6nce bir hayli b\u00fcy\u00fck olan baraj \u015fimdilerde bir hayli ufalm\u0131\u015f.<\/p>\n
* Kalecik Baraj\u0131, Elaz\u0131\u011f’da, F\u0131rat Nehri’ne kavu\u015fan Kalecik \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131 ile 1969 – 1974 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir barajd\u0131r. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 680 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 39 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 12,50 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 1,16 kilometredir.<\/p>\n
* Keban Baraj\u0131, Elaz\u0131\u011f’\u0131n Keban il\u00e7esinde, F\u0131rat Nehri \u00fczerinde, 1965-1975 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f olan elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi ama\u00e7l\u0131 barajd\u0131r. Beton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve kaya dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 16 milyon 679 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 210 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 31 bin hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 675 kilometrekaredir. Baraj\u0131n toplam kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fc bin 330 Megawatt olup y\u0131ll\u0131k enerji \u00fcretimi 6 Milyar KWh’dir. Kuruldu\u011funda T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00fcretilen elektri\u011fin y\u00fczde 20’sini tek ba\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131layan santral \u015fu an t\u00fcketilen toplam elektri\u011fin y\u00fczde 8’ini kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
* \u00d6zl\u00fcce Baraj\u0131, Elaz\u0131\u011f-Bing\u00f6l s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda bulunan, Peri \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, enerji \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1992-2000 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 14 milyon metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 144 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi bin 75 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 25,80 kilometrekaredir. Baraj 170 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile y\u0131ll\u0131k 413 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretmektedir.<\/p>\n
* GAP i\u00e7erisinde 13 b\u00fcy\u00fck proje aras\u0131nda yer alan Ad\u0131yaman-K\u00e2hta projesinin \u00fcnitelerinden biri olan \u00c7amgazi Baraj\u0131 Doyran \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde 1990-1999 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda sulama amac\u0131yla in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 5 bin 512 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 45 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 56 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 5,55 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Dilimli Baraj\u0131, Hakk\u00e2ri\u2019de, B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ay \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1995-2003 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir barajd\u0131r. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon 241 metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 93 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 59,10 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 2,41 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Erzincan Baraj\u0131, Erzincan’da, G\u00f6nye \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1991-1997 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir barajd\u0131r. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 4 milyon 400 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 81 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 8,39 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 0,46 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Tercan Baraj\u0131, Erzincan’da Tuzla \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama ve elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi amac\u0131yla 1969-1988 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 3 milyon 100 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 65 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 178 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 8,85 kilometrekaredir. Baraj 15 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 kapasiteli HES (hidroelektrik santral) y\u0131lda 51 GWh elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
* Gayt Baraj\u0131, Bing\u00f6l’da, Gayt \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1986-1998 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 444 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 36 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 23 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 2,92 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* G\u00fclbahar Baraj\u0131, Bing\u00f6l’de Ko\u00e7an Deresi \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1996-2003 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir barajd\u0131r. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 482 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 66 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 14 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 1,32 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* K\u0131\u011f\u0131 Baraj\u0131, Bing\u00f6l’de Peri \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde enerji \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1997-2003 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 14 milyon 790 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 168 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 507 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 8,35 kilometrekaredir. Baraj 140 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile y\u0131ll\u0131k 450 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretiyor.<\/p>\n
* Ko\u00e7k\u00f6pr\u00fc Baraj\u0131, Van’da, Zilan \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama, enerji ve ta\u015fk\u0131n kontrol\u00fc amac\u0131yla 1978-1992 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon 25 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 74 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 86 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 5,92 kilometrekaredir. Baraj 9 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile de y\u0131ll\u0131k 44 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
* Morgedik Baraj\u0131, Van’da, Deli\u00e7ay \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1997-2002 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 708 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 59 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 102,50 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 8,20 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Sar\u0131mehmet Baraj\u0131, Van’da, Karasu \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1987-1991 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 150 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 62 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 134 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 10,30 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Zernek Baraj\u0131, Van’\u0131n G\u00fcrp\u0131nar il\u00e7esinde Ho\u015fap \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama ve elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi amac\u0131yla 1980-1988 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak ve kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon 100 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 80 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 104 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 5,16 kilometrekaredir. Baraj 5 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 kapasiteli HES (hidroelektrik santral) y\u0131lda 13 GWh elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
* Patnos Baraj\u0131, A\u011fr\u0131’da, Gevi \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1985-1992 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 300 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 38 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 33 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 4,35 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Yaz\u0131c\u0131 Baraj\u0131, A\u011fr\u0131’da, Alt\u0131n\u00e7ay\u0131r Deresi \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1995-2001 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir barajd\u0131r. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 7 milyon 921 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 84 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 202,30 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 7,61 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Uzun\u00e7ay\u0131r Baraj\u0131, Tunceli’de, Munzur Suyu \u00fczerinde, enerji \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1996-2003 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 551 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 70 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 308 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 13,43 kilometredir. Baraj 74 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile y\u0131ll\u0131k 317 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretmektedir.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgede yap\u0131lan barajlar: 15<\/p>\n
* Urfa ve Ad\u0131yaman illeri aras\u0131nda bulunan Atat\u00fcrk Baraj\u0131, F\u0131rat Nehri \u00fczerinde enerji ve sulama amac\u0131yla1983-1992 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. 8 t\u00fcrbine sahip baraj\u0131n y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 169 metredir. 2 bin 400 MW g\u00fcc\u00fcyle y\u0131ll\u0131k 8 bin 900 GWh elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretim kapasitesine sahiptir. Kaya dolgu tipinde bir barajd\u0131r. G\u00f6vde hacmi 84 milyar 500 milyon metrek\u00fcpt\u00fcr. D\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeyi kaya i\u00e7i kil ve toprakt\u0131r. Baraj g\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn bask\u0131s\u0131 ile ilk in\u015fas\u0131ndaki y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 10 metre k\u0131salm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
* Batman Baraj\u0131, Batman’da, Batman \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama, ta\u015fk\u0131n \u00f6nleme ve enerji \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1986-1999 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 7 milyon 181 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 85 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi bin 175 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 49,25 kilometrekaredir. Baraj, 198 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile de y\u0131ll\u0131k 483 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretmektedir.<\/p>\n
* Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131, Mardin ve \u015e\u0131rnak \u0130l s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Darge\u00e7it il\u00e7esinin 15 kilometre do\u011fusunda, Dicle Nehri \u00fczerinde yer alacak. Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 kil \u00e7ekirdekli kaya dolgu tipinde olup temelden y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 138 metre olacak. Baraj\u0131n maksimum su kotu 526,82 metre, toplam g\u00f6vde hacmi 44 milyon metrek\u00fcp, rezervuar hacmi ise 11 milyar metrek\u00fcp olacak. Il\u0131su Baraj\u0131 ile \u00fcretilecek olan elektrik enerjisi, T\u00fcrkiye’de hidroelektrik santralleri vas\u0131tas\u0131yla \u00fcretilecek olan enerjinin y\u00fczde 10’unu olu\u015fturacak. Proje kapsam\u0131nda Hasankeyf’in sular alt\u0131nda kalaca\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle uluslararas\u0131 arenada ciddi eylemlilikler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Projenin 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda hizmete al\u0131nmas\u0131 planlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
* Birecik Baraj\u0131, Antep ile Urfa s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n idari yap\u0131 olarak \u015eanl\u0131urfa iline ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Baraj, elektrik \u00fcretme ve sulama ama\u00e7l\u0131 olarak 1985-2000 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Yerle\u015fim alanlar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Zeugma antik kentinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 baraj g\u00f6l\u00fc alt\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015f. Beton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 9 milyon 400 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 63 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi bin 220 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 56,25 kilometrekaredir. Baraj, 672 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile de y\u0131ll\u0131k 2 bin 518 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretmektedir.<\/p>\n
* Devege\u00e7idi Baraj\u0131, Diyarbak\u0131r’da Devege\u00e7idi \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 2009 – 2010 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 3 milyon 240 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 32,80 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 202,32 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 32,14 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Dicle Baraj\u0131 ve HES, Diyarbak\u0131r ili s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde Maden ve Dibni \u00e7aylar\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015ferek Dicle Nehri’ni meydana getirdi\u011fi mevkiden 800 metre mesafede ve Kralk\u0131z\u0131 Baraj\u0131 aks\u0131n\u0131n 22 km mansab\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. Sulama ve enerji amac\u0131yla 1986-1997 y\u0131l\u0131nda in\u015faat\u0131 tamamlanan kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 3 milyon 120 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 87 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 595 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 24 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* G\u00f6ksu Baraj\u0131, Diyarbak\u0131r’da, G\u00f6ksu \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1987-1991 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 632 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 52 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 62 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 3,90 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Kralk\u0131z\u0131 Baraj\u0131 ve HES, Diyarbak\u0131r ili s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde Dicle Nehri’nin ana kolu olan Maden \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde yer almakta. Enerji \u00fcretmek amac\u0131yla 1985-1997 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 15 milyon 172 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 126 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi bin 919 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 57,50 kilometrekaredir. Baraj 90 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile y\u0131ll\u0131k 146 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretmekte.<\/p>\n
* Karakaya Baraj\u0131, Diyarbak\u0131r ili \u00c7\u00fcng\u00fc\u015f il\u00e7esi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, F\u0131rat Nehri \u00fczerinde, GAP’\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretimi amac\u0131yla 1976-1987 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Baraj\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131yla birlikte bir\u00e7ok k\u00f6y bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Beton kemer g\u00f6vde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 173 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 9 bin 580 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 268 kilometrekaredir. Baraj bin 800 MW g\u00fc\u00e7 ile y\u0131ll\u0131k 7 bin 354 GWh’lik elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretmektedir.<\/p>\n
* Dumluca Baraj\u0131, Mardin’de, Bu\u011fur \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1985-1991 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f bir barajd\u0131r. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 685 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 30 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 22 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 2,23 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Hac\u0131h\u0131d\u0131r Baraj\u0131, Urfa’da, \u015eehir \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama ve ta\u015fk\u0131n kontrol\u00fc amac\u0131yla 1985-1989 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 201 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 42 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 67,60 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 4,40 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Hanca\u011f\u0131z Baraj\u0131, Antep’in Nizip il\u00e7esinde, Nizip \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1985-1989 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 3 milyon 600 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 45,50 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 100 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 7,50 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Kayac\u0131k Baraj\u0131, Antep’te, T\u00fczel \u00c7ay\u0131 \u00fczerinde, sulama amac\u0131yla 1995-2002 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Toprak g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 858 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 50 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 116,76 hm\u00b3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 13,10 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Karkam\u0131\u015f Baraj\u0131 ve Hidroelektrik Santrali GAP’\u0131n bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc te\u015fkil eden, s\u0131n\u0131r F\u0131rat Projesi\u2019nin ikinci \u00fcnitesi olan Karkam\u0131\u015f Baraj\u0131 ve HES Tesisi, F\u0131rat Nehri \u00fczerinde, Suriye S\u0131n\u0131r\u0131\u2019na 4.5 kilometre mesafede, beton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k ve toprak dolgu tipinde ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de nehir santrali tan\u0131m\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen ilk uygulamad\u0131r. Baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 2 milyon 100 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 29 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 157 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 28,40 kilometrekaredir.<\/p>\n
* Seve Baraj\u0131, Kilis’de, Sinnep Deresi \u00fczerinde, sulama ve i\u00e7me suyu amac\u0131yla 1995-2002 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda in\u015fa edilmi\u015f. Kaya g\u00f6vde dolgu tipi olan baraj\u0131n g\u00f6vde hacmi 1 milyon 340 bin metrek\u00fcp, akarsu yata\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 41 metre, normal su kotunda g\u00f6l hacmi 20,86 hm3, normal su kotunda g\u00f6lalan\u0131 1,96 kilometredir.-D\u0130HA\/Abdurrahman G\u00f6k<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/p>\n
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