\t\t\t\t\t\t\t ![](\"http:\/\/www.lekolin.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/1408-1.jpg\")
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n
\t\t\t\t\t\tHer\u00eama Kurdistan\u00ea \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee di sal\u00ean \u015fer\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea \u00ea yek\u00ea de, ji bo avakrina dewleteke serbixwe xebit\u00ee. Di roja 23\u2019\u00ea Gulana 1919\u2019an de li dij\u00ee \u00cengl\u00eesan serhildan da destp\u00eakirin \u00fb di d\u00eerok\u00ea de bo cara yekem\u00een dewleta serbixwe \u2018Hikumeta Kurdistan\u00ea\u2019 \u00eelan kir, xwe j\u00ee qiral\u00ea dewlet\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan da. Serhildana li gelekek deran belav b\u00fb.<\/p>\n
\u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd\u00ea Berzenc\u00ee kur\u00ea \u015e\u00eax Se\u00eed, Kake Ehmed\u00ee \u015e\u00eax, \u015e\u00eax Marif\u00ea Nod\u00eay\u00ee, \u015e\u00eax H\u00eesa ya Kur\u00ea Baba Al\u00ee Hemedan\u00ee ye. Berzinc\u00ee di sala 1878\u2019an li gund\u00ea Berzince ji day\u00eek b\u00fbye. Pi\u015ft\u00ee ku bav\u00ea w\u00ee \u015e\u00eax Se\u00eed \u00fb biray\u00ea w\u00ee \u015e\u00eax Ehmed di sala 1913 de bi gi\u015ft\u00ee 50 kes ji aliy\u00ea Osmaniyan ve hate ku\u015ftin, Berzinc\u00ee dewsa bav\u00ea xwe girt. \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee yan j\u00ee \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd\u00ea Hef\u00eed ji \u015e\u00eax\u00ean r\u00eaya Qadir\u00ee b\u00fb, ziman\u00ean Kurd\u00ee, ereb\u00ee, tirk\u00ee, faris\u00ee xwe\u015f dizan\u00ee. Gelek helbest j\u00ee niv\u00eesandiye.<\/p>\n
Berzinc\u00ee di sal\u00ean \u015fer\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea \u00ea yek\u00ea de, ji bo avakrina dewleteke serbixwe xebit\u00ee. Bi v\u00ea armanc\u00ea, bi kurd\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ea re tifaq dan\u00ee \u00fb li hember \u00cengil\u00eez \u00fb Ereban \u015fer kir. S\u00ea caran dewleta serbixwe \u2018Hikumeta Kurdistan\u00ea\u2019 \u00eelan kir, xwe j\u00ee qral\u00ea dewlet\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan da. Berzenc\u00ee destelatiya di bin saya \u00cengil\u00eezan de nepejirand \u00fb bi taybet\u00ee zimandir\u00eajiya Major Soane \u00ea ku dixwest h\u00eaz\u00ean kurd\u00ee m\u00eena mil\u00ees ji bo xwe bi kar b\u00eene. Berzinc\u00ee li hember \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean ereb \u00fb \u00eengil\u00eezan heta sala 1932\u00ea li ber xwe da. \u015e\u00eax di 9\u2019\u00ea Kew\u00e7\u00ear\u00ea sala 1956\u2019\u00ea de \u00e7\u00fb ber dilovaniya xwe.<\/p>\n
YEKEM\u00ceN DESTHILATDARIYA \u015e\u00caX MEHM\u00dbD\u00ca BERZENC\u00ce<\/p>\n
Pi\u015ft\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fby\u00een \u00fb hilwe\u015f\u00eena \u00cemparatoriya Osman\u00ee, p\u00eal bi p\u00eal gel\u00ean bindest li \u00e7areya ser\u00ea xwe digerin. Pi\u015ft\u00ee t\u00eak\u00e7\u00fby\u00een m\u00eerni\u015f\u00eena Baban di sala 1851\u2019an de, carek din kurd kar\u00een bigih\u00eejin astek\u00ea deshilatdayiy\u00ea.<\/p>\n
* Di roja 1\u2019\u00ea mijdara 1918\u2019an di meras\u00eemek gi\u015ft\u00ee de ku li Berdek\u00ea Sera ya baj\u00ear\u00ea Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea p\u00eak hat de, ji aliy\u00ea M\u00eacer Noy\u00eel\u00ea \u00cengil\u00eezan bi fermana Dadger\u00ea gi\u015ft\u00ee y\u00ea Br\u00eetanya y\u00ea Iraq\u00ea Wilson ve \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee wek Desthilatdar\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea hate hilbijartin. Br\u00eetanya ev ferman di 11\u2019\u00ea mijdara 1918 bi awayek ferm\u00ee belav kir.<\/p>\n
L\u00ea hin ser re derbas neb\u00fb \u00cengil\u00eez ji soz\u00ean xwe y\u00ean dab\u00fbn kurda po\u015fman b\u00fbn. Roja 23\u2019\u00ea gulana 1919 serhildana \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd\u00ea Berzenc\u00ee li dij\u00ee \u00eengl\u00eezan dest p\u00ea kir \u00fb ev serhildana li gelekek deran belav b\u00fb. Di encama \u015fer\u00ea \u2018Derbend\u00ee Baziyan\u2019de ji kurdan 300 ku\u015ft\u00ee \u00fb 500 bir\u00eendar \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbn, Berzinc\u00ee j\u00ee bi bir\u00eendar\u00ee d\u00eel\u00ee dikeve dest\u00ea \u00cengl\u00eezan. W\u00ea \u00e7ax\u00ea Berzinc\u00ee li bin kevirek\u00ea mezin berxwedaniyek h\u00eaja kir, loma nav\u00ea w\u00ee kevir\u00ee kirin \u201cBerd\u00ea Qareman (Kevir\u00ea Qehreman) . Gelek le\u015fker\u00ean \u00cengl\u00eez hatin ku\u015ftin, 4 Tank \u00fb 19 alav\u00ean le\u015fker\u00ee y\u00ean \u00cengl\u00eezan hatin \u015fewitandin.<\/p>\n
\u00cengl\u00eez di roja 22\u2019\u00ea T\u00eermeha 1919\u2019an derebas\u00ee nava bajar\u00ea Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea b\u00fbn \u00fb xirabeyek mezin p\u00eak an\u00een. \u015e\u00eax Let\u00eef\u00ea Hef\u00eed kur\u00ea Berzenc\u00ee di b\u00eeran\u00een\u00ea xwe de ku ji zar dev\u00ea \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd daxive, dib\u00eaje: \u201c \u00cengl\u00eezan benz\u00een bi la\u015f\u00ea kurd\u00ean hatb\u00fb ku\u015ftin de kirin \u00fb li ber \u00e7av\u00ea me \u015fewtandin. Min nikar\u00ee li ber xwe bidim \u00fb min mudaxele kir. L\u00ea pi\u015ftre dest ji la\u015f\u00ea hin ku\u015ftiy\u00ean nehatb\u00fbn \u015fewtandin berdan. Berzinc\u00ee girtin \u00fb r\u00eakirin Bexday\u00ea \u00fb sewq\u00ee dadgeh\u00ea kirin. Di roja 25\u2019\u00ea T\u00eermeha 1919\u2019de Berzinc\u00ee di dadgehek le\u015fker\u00ee de ku hate dadgeh\u00eekirin, bi wan du xalane hate tewanbarkirin:<\/p>\n
1- Ser\u00eehildan \u00fb rab\u00fbna li dij\u00ee Bir\u00eetaniya ya Mezin \u00fb rijandina xw\u00eenek z\u00eade.<\/p>\n
2- Daxirtina Ala Birt\u00eetaniya ya Mezin \u00fb hildana Ala Kurdistan\u00ea li \u015f\u00fbn\u00ea w\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Di encam\u00ea dadgeh\u00ea de fermana darvekirin\u00ea ji bo Berzinc\u00ee \u00fb \u015e\u00eax Muhemed Xer\u00eeb re hat day\u00een. B\u00eay\u00ee ku di dadgeh\u00ea de amade be ferman\u00ea zindan\u00eekirina ebed\u00ee ji bo Mehm\u00fbd Xan\u00ea Hewram\u00ee hate day\u00een. Fermana 3 sal girtgeh\u00ea j\u00ee ji bo Mehm\u00fbd Xan\u00ee Kan\u00ee Sanan re bir\u00een. Ev j\u00ee jiber v\u00ea yek\u00ea b\u00fb ku al\u00eekar\u00eeya \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd\u00ea Berzinc\u00ee kirib\u00fbn.<\/p>\n
Ji ber domkirina \u00e7alak\u00ee \u00fb neraz\u00eeb\u00fbna gel pi\u015ft re cezay\u00ea10 sal girtgeh\u00ea li \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee \u00fb \u015e\u00eax Muhemed Xer\u00eeb hat bir\u00een \u00fb ji bo girava Endaman ya Hindistan\u00ea hatin d\u00fbrxistin, heyan\u00ee sala li w\u00eader\u00ea 1922\u2019an li wir hatin hi\u015ftin. Li dij\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea swarey\u00ean Kurda (p\u00ea\u015fmergeh) \u015fer\u00ea xwe y\u00ea \u00e7iyay\u00ee dij\u00ee \u00cengil\u00eezan berdewam kirin. Di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de malbata Berzinc\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea \u00cengl\u00eezan ve rast\u00ee \u00eari\u015f \u00fb neheq\u00ee t\u00ean \u00fb ne\u00e7ar man derbas\u00ee Rojhilata Kurdistan\u00ea dibin. Li w\u00ea der\u00ea j\u00ee Simkoy\u00ea \u015eikak\u00ee gelek caran al\u00eekar\u00eey\u00ea malbata Berzinc\u00ee dike.<\/p>\n
Bi v\u00ee away\u00ee di dewreya yekem\u00een ya desthilatiya \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd\u00ea Berzenc\u00ee 8 meh \u00fb 3 hey\u00eev ji 1\u2019\u00ea Mijdara 1918 heya 22\u2019\u00ea T\u00eermeha 1919\u2019an dom kir.<\/p>\n
D\u00dbWEM\u00ceN DESTHILATDARIYA BERZENC\u00ce\u00ee<\/p>\n
Ber\u00ee vegerandina \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd ji bo Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea, \u00eengil\u00eezan desthilatiyeke ereb\u00ee ya ajan \u00fb gir\u00eaday\u00ee li Iraq\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakirib\u00fbn, l\u00ea dizan\u00een, ku b\u00ea raz\u00eekirina Kurdan w\u00ea dewleta Ereban bi ser nekeve. Di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de her ku di\u00e7\u00fb h\u00earsa gel li dij\u00ee \u00cengl\u00eezan z\u00eadetir dib\u00fb. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea ew ne\u00e7ar man \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd\u00ea Berzenc\u00ee ji Hindistan\u00ea ji bo Kurdistan\u00ea veger\u00eenin. Ev yek j\u00ee bi 3 qonaxan p\u00eak hat:<\/p>\n
1- Roja 27-28\u2019\u00ea \u00c7ileya 1922 Berzinc\u00ee ji Hindistan\u00ea an\u00een Kuw\u00eat.<\/p>\n
2- Roja 12-13\u2019\u00ea Rezbera (\u00eelon) 1922 Berzinc\u00ee ji Kuw\u00eat an\u00een Bexday\u00ea.<\/p>\n
3- Roja 20-30\u2019\u00ea Rezber\u00ea 1922 Berzinc\u00ee ji Bexday\u00ea an\u00een Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Tevgera ku di bin p\u00ea\u015fengiya \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee de xurt bib\u00fb. Li dij\u00ee stat\u00fbkopar\u00eaz\u00ee, berjewendperest\u00ee \u00fb dagirkeriya Br\u00eetanya y\u00ea Berzinc\u00ee roja 31\u2019\u00ea Rezbera 1922’de dewleta serbixwe \u2018Hikumeta Kurdistan\u00ea\u2019 \u00eelan kir, xwe j\u00ee qral\u00ea dewlet\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan da. Berzinc\u00ee di Hik\u00fbmeta Kurdistan\u00ea de saziy\u00ean m\u00eer\u00ee y\u00ean r\u00eavebirin\u00ea, saziy\u00ea xebat\u00ea \u00e7apmen\u00ee, dibistanan \u00fb arte\u015f\u00ea saz dike. Salih Zek\u00ee Sah\u00eabqiran \u00fb Mac\u00eed M\u00fbstefa wek Fermandar\u00ean le\u015fker\u00ee \u00fb \u015f\u00eawermend\u00ea xwe destn\u00ee\u015fan kir. Re\u015f\u00eed Zek\u00ee Kaban j\u00ee wek n\u00fbner\u00ea t\u00eakeliy\u00ean derve y\u00ea Hikumet\u00ea hat hilbijartin.<\/p>\n
T\u00eex\u00fbb\u00ea dewlet\u00ea dikete Kurdistana Bak\u00fbr, ango hem\u00ee Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea dadigirt. Paytexta w\u00ea Sil\u00eaman\u00ee, Ziman\u00ea ferm\u00ee Kurd\u00ee \u00fb Nav\u00ea art\u00ea\u015f\u00ea j\u00ee \u2018Art\u00ea\u015fa Netew\u00ee ya Kurd\u2019 b\u00fb.<\/p>\n
A- Ava kirina saziy\u00ean m\u00eer\u00ee y\u00ean r\u00eavebirin\u00ea:<\/p>\n
Nav\u00ea Serokwez\u00eer \u00fb Wez\u00eer\u00ean Hikumeta Kurdistan\u00ea wiha ye:<\/p>\n
1- Serokwez\u00eer (supa salar): \u015e\u00eax Qadir\u00ea \u015e\u00eax Seh\u00eed Hef\u00eed<\/p>\n
2- Wez\u00eer\u00ea Navxwey\u00ee \u00fb Wez\u00eer\u00ea Tenr\u00fbst\u00ee bi wekalet: \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Xer\u00eeb<\/p>\n
3- Wez\u00eer\u00eaAbor\u00ee: Abdulker\u00eem Elyas Alaka y\u00ea (File)<\/p>\n
4- Wez\u00eer\u00ea Perwerde (Mehar\u00eef): M\u00eer l\u00eewa Mistefa Pa\u015fay\u00ea Yamolk\u00ee<\/p>\n
5- Wez\u00eer\u00ea \u015eerih (ol) \u00fb Dad\u00ea: Mele Se\u00eed\u00ea Kerk\u00fblk\u00ee<\/p>\n
6- Wez\u00eer\u00ea Gumirg :Ehmed Beg\u00ea Fetah Beg (Hemd\u00ee Sah\u00eabqiran y\u00ea \u015fah\u00eer)<\/p>\n
7- Wez\u00eer\u00ea Emin\u00ee (asay\u00ee\u015fa gi\u015ft\u00ee): Sey\u00eed Ehmed\u00ea Berzinc\u00ee<\/p>\n
8- L\u00eakoler\u00ea Gi\u015ft\u00ee (Serperi\u015ftyar\u00ea gi\u015ft\u00ee y\u00ea saziy\u00ean dewlet\u00ea): M\u00eer l\u00eewa Sed\u00eeq Qadr\u00ee Pa\u015fa<\/p>\n
9- Wez\u00eer\u00ea Xizmetkirin (Naf\u00eehe): Mihemed Axa Abd\u00fblrehman Axa<\/p>\n
B- Ala Hikumeta Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea:<\/p>\n
Ala Hikumeta Ba\u015f\u00fber\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea, di w\u00ee dem\u00ea de bi van rengan b\u00fb: Kesik di hindir w\u00ea de bi gilover\u00ee reng\u00ea sor heb\u00fb, di hindir reng\u00ea sor de j\u00ee heyveka sip\u00ee heb\u00fb.<\/p>\n
C- Poste \u00fb gihandin<\/p>\n
Ji boy\u00ee poste 2 cor\u00ean p\u00fbleh \u00e7ap kirin, liser w\u00ea de d\u00fb xencer heb\u00fbn \u00fb (Hikumeta Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan)\u00ea hatb\u00fb niv\u00eesandin.<\/p>\n
D- Saziy\u00ea \u00e7apeman\u00ee:<\/p>\n
Di \u015fore\u015fa Berzinc\u00ee de gelek rojnamey\u00ean heftane \u00fb mehane wek organa Hikumeta Kurdistan\u00ea derketine \u00fb we\u015fan kirine, m\u00eenak:<\/p>\n
1- Bang\u00ee Kurdistan: Rojnameyek zanist\u00ee, civak\u00ee \u00fb edeb\u00ee b\u00fbye. Hejmara yekem\u00een di 2\u2019\u00ea tebaxa 1922 derketiye \u00fb hejmar\u00ea her\u00ea daw\u00ee di 8\u2019\u00ea P\u00fb\u015fpera 1923 derketiye. Pa\u015f\u00ee di sala 1926 de \u00e7end hejmar\u00ean din j\u00ee l\u00ea hatine \u00e7apkirin. Berpirsiyar \u00fb xwediy\u00ea rojnamey\u00ea Mustefa Pa\u015fay\u00ee Yamolk\u00ee b\u00fbye.<\/p>\n
2- Roj\u00ee Kurdistan: Rojnameyek w\u00eajey\u00ee, siyas\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee b\u00fbye. Hefte carek derketiye. Hejmara yekem\u00een di 10\u2019\u00ea Kew\u00e7\u00eara 1922 derketiye \u00fb ten\u00ea 15 hejmar\u00ea l\u00ea hatiye \u00e7apkirin. Jimara daw\u00ee roja 3\u2019\u00ea Adar\u00ea 1923 derketiye.<\/p>\n
3- Bang\u00ee Heq: Rojnameyek siyas\u00ee, edeb\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee b\u00fbye. Hejmara yekem\u00een di 8\u2019\u00ea Adara 1923 derketiye \u00fb ten\u00ea 3 hejmar\u00ea l\u00ea hatiye \u00e7apkirin. Ev rojname di dema her\u00ee tengas\u00ee de di \u015fikefta \u2018Casane\u2019ya Nav\u00e7ey\u00ea Surda\u015fa Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea derketiye. \u2018Bang\u00ea Heq\u2019 di war\u00ea d\u00eerok\u00ee de di tevgera kurd\u00ee heya niha wek yekem\u00een rojnameya ku li \u00e7iy\u00ea derketiye t\u00ea zan\u00een.<\/p>\n
4- Um\u00ead\u00ee Istiqlal: Rojnameyek \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee b\u00fbye. Her hefte carek derketiye. Hejmara yekem\u00een di 20\u2019\u00ea Rezbera 1923 li baj\u00ear\u00ea Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea derketiye. Heya hejmara 25 dewam kiriye.<\/p>\n
E- Avakirina dibistanan:<\/p>\n
Di Hikumeta Kurdistan\u00ea de 4 dibistan hatin vekirin, m\u00eenak:<\/p>\n
1- Dibistana Navend\u00ee y\u00ea Mehm\u00fbd\u00ee: 6 mamostey\u00ean w\u00ee heb\u00fbye.<\/p>\n
2- Dibistana seretay\u00ee y\u00ea Qadir\u00ee: 3 mamostey\u00ean w\u00ee heb\u00fbye.<\/p>\n
3- Dibistana seretay\u00ee y\u00ea r\u00fbf\u00ee: 3 mamostey\u00ean w\u00ee heb\u00fbye.<\/p>\n
4- Dibistana seretay\u00ee y\u00ea Let\u00eef\u00ee: 3 mamostey\u00ean w\u00ee heb\u00fbye.<\/p>\n
F- Avakirina Art\u00ea\u015fa Netew\u00ee ya Kurd:<\/p>\n
Mel\u00eek\u00ea Hukimdariya Kurdistan\u00ea \u2018Art\u00ea\u015fa Netew\u00ee ya Kurd\u2019ava kir. Ev arte\u015f p\u00eakhatiya w\u00ee j\u00ee wiha b\u00fb:<\/p>\n
1- Yek\u00eeneyek n\u00fb: Serok\u00ea Erkan\u00ea w\u00ee Tof\u00eeq Wehb\u00ee b\u00fb, ji 9 fermandaran p\u00eak hatb\u00fb.<\/p>\n
2- Ev 6 zabit\u00ean ku ji (L\u00eev\u00ee) mab\u00fbn tevl\u00ee arte\u015f\u00ea b\u00fbn.<\/p>\n
3- Ev 5 zabit\u00ean ku ji Tirkan c\u00eeh mab\u00fbn \u00fb vegeriyan ji bo nav Art\u00ea\u015fa Netew\u00ee ya Kurd\u00ee.<\/p>\n
Ji ber ku tevgera Kurd di gelek xalan de bi ya Br\u00eetaniyan nedikir \u00fb saz\u00fbmaniya dagirker\u00ee nedipejirand ji m\u00eaj ve Br\u00eetaniyan \u00ear\u00ee\u015f birin ser dewleta Kurd \u00fb \u015ferek\u00ea t\u00ear bi xw\u00een \u00fb hovane p\u00eak hat. Balafir\u00ean Br\u00eetaniyan bajar \u00fb gund\u00ean Kurdan dan ber gulebaranan. Bi hezaran mirov\u00ean s\u00eev\u00eel hatin ku\u015ftin \u00fb bi hezaran kes hatin windakirin. Seranser\u00ea ba\u015f\u00fbr b\u00fb gola xw\u00een\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Serok\u00ean Kurdan \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee, Simko y\u00ea Shikak\u00ee \u00fb M\u00eerza Taha y\u00ea Nihr\u00ee b\u00fbn. Ji wan ten\u00ea M\u00eerza Taha hatin xapandin \u00fb \u00eari\u015f\u00ee ser Rewandiz\u00ea kir, ew bajar\u00ea ku w\u00ea dem\u00ea d\u00eesa ketib\u00fb dest\u00ea Tirkan. L\u00ea \u00eari\u015fa w\u00ee di hewa de \u00e7\u00fb \u00fb gelek Kurd hatin ku\u015ftin\u00ea. \u00cengil\u00eezan d\u00eet, ku ewan nikanin zora Tirkan bibin \u00fb nikarin Berzinc\u00ee j\u00ee bixap\u00eenin, dest bi p\u00eelaneke dij\u00ee gel\u00ea Kurd kirin. Bi serm\u00eeriya ereb\u00ee ya Bexday\u00ea re daxweyaniyek derxistin, di biryar\u00ea de gotin: \u201c Maf\u00ea Kurdan di hevj\u00een\u00ea \u00fb avakirina serm\u00eeriyek\u00ee kurd\u00ee de di hindir s\u00eenor\u00ean Iraq\u00ea de heye. Herdu serm\u00eer\u00ee h\u00eav\u00eedar in, ku Kurd di nava xwe de bigihin peymanek\u00ea li ser r\u00eabaz\u00ea serm\u00eeriy\u00ea \u00fb li ser s\u00eenor\u00ean, ku bo serm\u00eeriya xwe div\u00ean. L\u00ea d\u00eesan j\u00ee \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd nehate xapandin \u00fb seriy\u00ea xwe ji \u00cengil\u00eezan \u00fb ji d\u00fbvik\u00ean wan re danexist. <\/p>\n
Berzinc\u00ee t\u00eakiliy\u00ean xwe bi \u015e\u00eax \u00fb serek\u00ean (\u015fi\u00ee) re li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Iraq\u00ea \u00fb bi taybet\u00ee li Kerbela \u00fb Necef xurt kirin, bi mebesta \u015fore\u015feka kurd\u00ee ereb\u00ee dij serdestiya \u00cengil\u00eezan \u00fb Bexday\u00ea. Di w\u00ea dem\u00ea de j\u00ee xwe amade dikir bo av\u00eatina ser bajar\u00ea Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea. Bi ser de j\u00ee t\u00eakiliy\u00ean xwe bi malbat \u00fb serok\u00ean Kurdan re y\u00ean li Bakur \u00fb Rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea fireh dikirin.<\/p>\n
BERZINC\u00ce JI RUS\u0130YA RE NAMEYA AL\u00ceKARIY\u00ca \u015eAND<\/p>\n
\u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee wek Mel\u00eek\u00ea Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea roja 30\u2019\u00ea \u00e7ileya 1923 nameyek bi Re\u015f\u00eed Efend\u00ee \u00fb nuner\u00ea w\u00ee Arif Efend\u00ee ji bo konsul\u00ea Rusiya (Soviyet) y\u00ea li Tewr\u00eaz\u00ea \u015fand. Berzinc\u00ee di namey\u00ea de dib\u00eaje: \u201c Gel\u00ea kurd daxwaza maf\u00ea xwe ji Bir\u00eetaniya kir. L\u00ea ew bi \u00eari\u015f\u00ean hovane, bi top, balefir \u00fb sipay\u00ea \u00eari\u015f\u00ee welat\u00ea me kir. Gelek der\u00ean me w\u00earan kirin. Ji bo me derket hol\u00ea ku ji bil\u00ee dewleta Rusiya y\u00ea sosyalist\u00ee t\u00fb kes\u00ean din nikarin al\u00eekariy\u00ea me bikin. Ji ber v\u00ea em ji we daxwaz dikin ku \u00eetraf bi Hikumeta me bikin\u2026 P\u00eaw\u00eestiy\u00ea me bi \u00e7ek heye ji bo ku em dijmin bitirs\u00eenin. <\/p>\n
Ev j\u00ee bo \u00cengil\u00eezan m\u00eena amadekirina serhildanek\u00ea dij\u00ee dag\u00eerkariy\u00ea b\u00fb, biryara tunekirina Berzinc\u00ee \u00fb dewleta w\u00ee dan. Di Re\u015femeha 1923\u2019\u00ea de ji Berzic\u00ee xwestin, ku bi xwe re teviya endam\u00ean hukmet\u00ea xwe b\u00eene \u00fb were Bexday\u00ea. Berzinc\u00ee guh neda xwesteka wan \u00fb zan\u00eeb\u00fb, ku w\u00ea bi dar\u00ea zor\u00ea bide g\u00earkirin \u00fb \u015fikandin. Hema di c\u00ee de t\u00eakil\u00ee li gel h\u00eaz\u00ean Tirkan y\u00ean, ku li Rewandoz\u00ea b\u00fbn \u00e7\u00eakirin. \u00cengil\u00eezan 20 balafir\u00ean (Air Royal Force) \u015fandin ser Sileymaniy\u00ea bo hilwe\u015fandina baregeh\u00ean dewleta kurd\u00ee, l\u00ea piraniya wan firokan di mij \u00fb d\u00fbm\u00ean de wenda b\u00fbn. Di 3\u2019\u00ea Adar\u00ea 1923\u2019de h\u00eaz\u00ean xwe li gel balafir\u00ean (Air Royal Force) careka d\u00ee \u015fandin ser baj\u00ear\u00ea Sileymaniy\u00ea \u00fb bombe l\u00ea barandin, ji bombey\u00ean ku neteqiyane, yek 250 kg b\u00fb.<\/p>\n
Berzinc\u00ee ji baj\u00ear derket \u00fb serokatiya le\u015fker\u00ea xwe bir \u2018\u015fikefta Casane\u2019ya Nav\u00e7ey\u00ea Surda\u015f\u00ea li baj\u00ear\u00ea Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea li w\u00ea \u015fikeft\u00ea rojnameyek\u00ee n\u00fb y\u00ea bi nav\u00ea \u2018Bang\u00ee Heq\u2019 derxist, t\u00ea de banga c\u00eehad \u00fb berxwedana netew\u00ee kir. H\u00eazeka \u00cengil\u00eezan bi top \u00fb tang ber bi Koye (Koy\u00eesenceq) \u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb ya din j\u00ee ber bi Rewandoz\u00ea \u00e7\u00fb, bi mebesta tirk \u00fb kurd bi hev re al\u00eekariy\u00ea dij\u00ee \u00cengil\u00eezan nekin. Kolon\u00eal Ozdemir (Al\u00ee \u015eef\u00eeq)\u00ea, ku berpirsiyar\u00ea h\u00eaza tirk\u00ee b\u00fb li wir, di 22\u2019\u00ea Avr\u00eal\u00ea 1923\u00ea de ji Rewandoz\u00ea veki\u015fiya \u00fb wilo Berzinc\u00ee bi ten\u00ea xwe ma. Li hember le\u015fker\u00ea \u00cengil\u00eez, le\u015fker\u00ea Ereb \u00ean ku bi wan ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee, Ca\u015f (Cerdevan), Axa \u00fb maldar\u00ean din\u00ean, ku ji ber hinde ti\u015f\u00ean xwe y\u00ean kesan\u00ee, b\u00fbn dijmin\u00ean gel\u00ea xwe. Le\u015fker\u00ea \u00cengil\u00eez y\u00ea f\u00earkir\u00ee \u00fb gelek \u00e7ekdar \u00fb h\u00eaz, bi \u015fer \u00fb pilan berxwedana kurd\u00ee \u015fikand, di dawiya meha Avr\u00eal\u00ea de Rewandoz stand \u00fb di 16\u2019\u00ea Gulana 1923\u2019de ket hindir\u00ea Sileymaniy\u00ea.<\/p>\n
SIYEM\u00ceN DESTHILATIYA BERZENC\u00ce<\/p>\n
Ji ber ku berxwedana netew\u00ee ya Kurdan berdewam kir, \u00cengil\u00eezan dev ji baj\u00ear berdan \u00fb kom\u00eetiya, ku dana b\u00fbn \u015f\u00fbn serm\u00eeriya \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd, di 14\u2019\u00ea P\u00fb\u015fpera 1923\u2019de ji kar derxistin. L\u00ea ber\u00ee ku ji Sileymaniy\u00ea bi derkevin hinek guhartin\u00ean m\u00eer\u00ee y\u00ean ji bo wan giring b\u00fbn p\u00eakan\u00een. Teviya bajar\u00ean Raniya \u00fb Keladize ji bakur, Qeredax \u00fb Helb\u00e7e ji ba\u015f\u00fbr, \u00c7em\u00e7emal ji rojava ji Silemaniy\u00ea cuda kirin \u00fb dan dest serm\u00eeriya ereb\u00ee ya li Bexday\u00ea bo wan ajan\u00ee dikir.<\/p>\n
L\u00eadana d\u00ee ya, ku li pi\u015ft\u00ea \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd ketiye ji dervey Kurdistan\u00ea hat, di 22\u2019\u00ea T\u00eermeha 1923\u2019de peymana Lozan giha biryarek\u00ea, ku “Maf\u00ea gel\u00ea kurd di dewletek\u00ee serbixwe de n\u00eene”, ew maf\u00ea, ku di peymana S\u00eaver (s\u00e9vres) de ber\u00ee 3 salan di nav netewan de bi amadeb\u00fbna Tirkiye \u00fb n\u00fbner\u00ean Kurdistan\u00ea hatib\u00fb pejirandin. Ev biryar r\u00ea da herdu dewlet\u00ean Tirkiye \u00fb Br\u00eetaniya Mezin Kurdistan\u00ea li gor daxwaz \u00fb berjewseniy\u00ean xwe parve bikin.<\/p>\n
Di 16\u2019\u00ea Gelaw\u00eaj\u00ea 1923\u2019de firok\u00ean \u00cengil\u00eez\u00ee careke d\u00ee \u00eari\u015f birin ser baj\u00ear\u00ea Sileymaniy\u00ea \u00fb bombe bi ser baregeh\u00ean Berzinc\u00ee de barandin. Berzinc\u00ee h\u00eaz\u00ean xwe ki\u015fandin nav\u00e7eya Berzence \u00fb pi\u015ft re \u00e7\u00fb Penciw\u00een\u00ea \u00fb ji wir de \u00eari\u015f heyan\u00ee tix\u00fbb\u00ean Sileymaniy\u00ea an\u00een. Daw\u00ee ji ber ku firokan gelek bombe barandin ser h\u00eaz\u00ean w\u00ee \u00fb dij\u00ee gel\u00ea kurd ramyariya sohtina erd \u00fb zeviyan, gund \u00fb \u00e7iyan derketib\u00fb, \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd\u00ea Berzinc\u00ee h\u00eaz\u00ea xwe ki\u015fand ji bo Qela\u00e7olan ji nav\u00e7eye \u015earbaj\u00ear \u00fb her\u00eadaw\u00ee j\u00ee \u00e7\u00fbn Iran\u00ea.<\/p>\n
Di dawiya meha p\u00fb\u015fp\u00eara 1924\u2019de malbat \u00fb Efser\u00ean Berzinc\u00ee ji Parezan ve ber bi nav\u00e7eya Hewraman hatin veguhastin. Serok\u00ea kurdan Berzinc\u00ee le\u015fker\u00ea xwe di 4 baskan de ber bi Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea r\u00eakir. Serok\u00ea hem\u00fb h\u00eazan j\u00ee Mac\u00eed M\u00fbstefa b\u00fb, 4 bask\u00ea h\u00eazan j\u00ee wiha hatb\u00fbn belavkirin:<\/p>\n
1- H\u00eazeke Siwar\u00ee bi sererokatiy\u00ea Sey\u00eed M\u00fbhemed\u00ee Cebar\u00ee, ber bi Sengaw \u00fb cebare ya Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea r\u00eakir.<\/p>\n
2- H\u00eazeke bi sererokatiy\u00ea Ker\u00eem Beg\u00ea Fetah Beg, ber bi Derbend\u00ea Baziyan \u00fb Nav\u00e7eya \u00c7em\u00e7emal r\u00ea kir.<\/p>\n
3- H\u00eazeke bi sererokatiy\u00ea Xel\u00eefe Yunis, ber bi \u015earez\u00fbr r\u00ea kir.<\/p>\n
4- H\u00eazeke bi sererokatiy\u00ea \u015e\u00eax M\u00fbhemed\u00ee Sey\u00eede Bi\u00e7kol, ber bi Nav\u00e7eya Qeredax r\u00eakir. Heya k udi her al\u00ee de \u00eari\u015f\u00ee dijmin bikin \u00fb wan dorp\u00ea\u00e7 bikin.<\/p>\n
H\u00eazeke Piyade j\u00ee bi sererokatiy\u00ea Abdullah Ad\u00eel, Remz\u00ee Abdulker\u00eem Qeredax\u00ee, Yunis Efend\u00ee \u00fb H\u00eekmet Efend\u00ee, li \u015earbaj\u00ear, \u015earez\u00fbr \u00fb ber bi \u2018Derbend\u00ea Baziyan\u2019 \u00fb Nav\u00e7eya \u00c7em\u00e7emal r\u00ea kir. H\u00eazek din j\u00ee di bin sererokatiy\u00ea \u015e\u00eax Re\u015f\u00eed\u00ee Bax, li Nav\u00e7eya Ser\u00e7inar \u00fb Surda\u015f bi al\u00eekariya Cafan li w\u00ee der\u00ea bi c\u00eeh kir \u00fb berpirsiyaretiya wan deran danedest\u00ea wan. \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee j\u00ee bi xwe li Nav\u00e7eya \u015earez\u00fbr dihat \u00fb di\u00e7\u00fb, rew\u015f\u00ea derketib\u00fb \u00e7avd\u00ear\u00ee dikir.<\/p>\n
L\u00ea \u00cengil\u00eezan ji Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea xwe ber bi Kerk\u00fbk\u00ea pa\u015f ve veki\u015fandin. Bi w\u00ee away\u00ee di meha Kewc\u00eaa 1924\u2019de Berzinc\u00ee carek din vegeriya Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea \u00fb bo cara 3\u2019m\u00een dest\u00ea xwe dan\u00ee ser \u015fahni\u015f\u00eena xwe \u00fb bizava xwe bo berxwedaneke mezintir kir. Berzinc\u00ee biryara j\u00eab\u00fbr\u00een (hef\u00fb kirin) j\u00ee ji bo wan kurdan derxist ku bi \u00cenglizan re b\u00fbn. Berzinc\u00ee ferman da ku her kes\u00ea po\u015fman be dikare vegere Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea \u00fb serbest e.<\/p>\n
Di 16\u2019\u00ea Mijdara 1925\u2019de Koma Netewan s\u00eenor\u00ean di nava Tirkiy\u00ea \u00fb Iraq\u00ea de pejirandin \u00fb bi w\u00ee away\u00ee Bakur \u00fb Ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea ji hev bir\u00een \u00fb gel\u00ea kurd ji hev cuda kirin. L\u00ea berxwedana netew\u00ee dij\u00ee \u00cengil\u00eezan \u00fb serm\u00eeriya Iraq\u00ea berdewam kir.<\/p>\n
Berzinc\u00ee di T\u00eermeha 1926\u2019de d\u00eesa di s\u00eenor\u00ea re derbas dibe \u00fb her\u00eama Pi\u015fder h\u00eaz\u00ean \u00cengil\u00eez\u00ee, Iraq\u00ee \u00fb Iran\u00ee bi hev re dij\u00ee \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd \u015fer dikin, l\u00ea nikarin zora w\u00ee bibin. Berzinc\u00ee firokvanek\u00ee \u00cengil\u00eez j\u00ee \u00eaxs\u00eer girt. L\u00ea ji ber ku firok\u00ean \u00cengil\u00eezan her dihatin ser baj\u00ear, h\u00eaz\u00ean w\u00ee \u00fb zirar di dan wan. \u00cengil\u00eezan r\u00eay\u00ean \u00e7\u00fby\u00een \u00fb hatin\u00ea li h\u00eaz\u00ean kurd\u00ee bir\u00eeb\u00fb. Pol\u00ees j\u00ee \u00ean gerok li her\u00eam\u00ea de belav kirib\u00fbn.<\/p>\n
Berzinc\u00ee d\u00eet ku \u00e7are n\u00eene li hember her 3 dewletan \u015fer bike. Jiber v\u00ea yek\u00ea r\u00ea neda ku li ser daxwaz\u00ean Tirk, Ereb \u00fb Eceman Br\u00eetan\u00ee komkujiya Kurdan bidom\u00eene. Cara yekem\u00een b\u00fb ku art\u00ea\u015fa Br\u00eetanyay\u00ea \u00e7ek\u00ean k\u00eemyay\u00ee li dij\u00ee Kurdan bi kar dian\u00ee. Loma di Berfanbara 1926\u2019de, li gund\u00ea Xormal li gel \u00cengil\u00eezan r\u00fbni\u015ft \u00fb xebat\u00ea diplomas\u00ee da me\u015fandin. L\u00ea d\u00eesan t\u00fb feyde neb\u00fb.<\/p>\n
\u00cengil\u00eezan ji w\u00ee xwest, ku ew dev ji xebata siyas\u00ee berde \u00fb kurek\u00ee xwe bi\u015f\u00eene Bexday\u00ea bo xwendin\u00ea. Berzinc\u00ee ev nepejirand \u00fb bersiva \u00cengil\u00eezan da \u00fb got: \u201c Qedera min a xwey\u00ee ji min re ne giring e, l\u00ea ez nikarim bib\u00eenim, her ti\u015ft\u00ea ku min bo gel\u00ea Kurd h\u00eav\u00ee dikir \u00fb j\u00eena xwe j\u00ea re qurban kir wisa hilwe\u015fe. <\/p>\n
\u00cengil\u00eezan xwesteka \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd \u00ean ramyar\u00ee \u00fb netew\u00ee nepejirandin. Berzinc\u00ee j\u00ee berxwedana xwe berdewam kir \u00fb di bin zora firokan de veki\u015fiya Iran\u00ea. Di sal\u00ean 1927 \u00fb 1931 de , \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd carna bi qehreman\u00ee \u015fer dikir \u00fb carina bi diplomas\u00ee di\u00e7\u00fb \u00cengil\u00eezan, l\u00ea \u00e7i caran wan daxwaza gel\u00ea Kurd nepejirand.<\/p>\n
Di P\u00fb\u015fpera 1930\u2019de peymana \u00cengil\u00eez\u00ee- Iraq\u00ee hat mohrkirin, a ku t\u00ea de \u00cengil\u00eezan serxweb\u00fbna Iraq\u00ea pejirand, l\u00ea hem\u00fb ti\u015ft\u00ea dewleta n\u00fb xistib\u00fb bin lep\u00ean xwe, ji boy\u00ee ku Iraq\u00ea m\u00eena biryargehek li ser r\u00eaya Hindistan\u00ea bih\u00eale.<\/p>\n
Di 20\u2019\u00ea Adar\u00ea 1925\u2019de \u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd Berzinc\u00ee gelek daxuyan\u00ee \u00fb belavok \u00fb gil\u00ee kirin, t\u00ea de xwe m\u00eena Qiral\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea diyar kir \u00fb daxwaza \u2018V\u00eena kurd\u00ee ya serbixwe\u2019 kir. Name ji boy\u00ee Koma Netewan j\u00ee daxawaz\u00ean xwe bi r\u00ea kirin.<\/p>\n
\u015e\u00eax Mehm\u00fbd \u015fer\u00ea re\u015fn\u00eezam\u00ee (part\u00eezan\u00ee) li rojhilat\u00ea Sileymaniy\u00ea, bakur\u00ea Heleb\u00e7e, li Qeredax, Kifr\u00ee \u00fb heyan\u00ee \u00e7em\u00ea Diyal\u00ee \u015fer kir. Di gund\u00ea Awbar\u00eek de li bakur\u00ea Tozxirmato h\u00eaz\u00ean w\u00ee \u00fb y\u00ean neyaran bi hev \u00e7\u00fbn \u00fb demeke dir\u00eaj berxwedan kir \u00fb li dawiy\u00ea le\u015fker\u00ea ereb\u00ee \u00fb y\u00ea \u00cengil\u00eez\u00ee \u015fikestin. \u015e\u00eax ber bi cih\u00ea xwe li gund\u00ea P\u00eeran di rojhilat\u00ea Kurdistan\u00ea de \u00e7\u00fb. L\u00ea gava bih\u00eest ku w\u00ea le\u015fker\u00ea Faris j\u00ee ji pa\u015f ve li w\u00ee bide, s\u00ea rojan bi \u00cengil\u00eezan re dan\u00fbstandin \u00e7\u00ea kir.<\/p>\n
Berzinc\u00ee li hember \u00ear\u00ee\u015f\u00ean ereb \u00fb \u00cengil\u00eezan heta sala 1932\u00ea li ber xwe da. \u015e\u00eax di 9\u2019\u00ea Kew\u00e7\u00ear\u00ea sala 1956\u2019\u00ea de \u00e7\u00fb ser dilovaniya xwe.<\/p>\n
Di dawiy\u00ea de, di 13\u2019\u00ea G\u00fblana 1932\u00ea de xwe da dest \u00cengil\u00eezan \u00fb li penahiy\u00ea jiyana xwe bi bir\u00e7\u00eeb\u00fbn \u00fb belengaz\u00ee borand, heyan\u00ee 9\u2019\u00ea Kew\u00e7\u00ear\u00ea sala 1956\u2019\u00ea li Nexwe\u015fxaneyek Begdad\u00ea \u00e7\u00fb ser dilovaniya xwe. Gora w\u00ee an\u00een \u00fb li mizgefta Gewre ya Sil\u00eamaniy\u00ea li k\u00ealeka bap\u00eer\u00ea w\u00ee Kake Ehmed\u00ee \u015e\u00eax e.-ANF<\/p>\n
Serbaz S\u0131yamend\/Abdullah Ramazan <\/p>\n
Navenda L\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean Stratej\u00eek a Kurdistan\u00ea<\/p>\n
www.navendalekolin.com www.lekolin.org -www.lekolin.net – www.lekolin.info<\/p>\n
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