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ARAP M\u0130LL\u0130YET\u00c7\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 -3-<\/strong><\/p>\n Arap Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi as\u0131l geli\u015fimini Birinci D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131ndan Balfour deklarasyonuyla Yahudilere bir \u2018\u2019ulusal yurt\u2019\u2019 Amerika ve Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n Ortado\u011fu politikalar\u0131 ve son olarak \u0130srail devleti kurulduktan sonra, Arap devletleriyle \u0130srail Baas partisi ilk olarak 1947 y\u0131l\u0131nda Suriye\u2019de kurulmu\u015f ve Suriye\u2019de kurulan Baas, Irak\u2019ta da kendisini \u00f6rg\u00fctlemi\u015ftir. 1957 y\u0131l\u0131nda M\u0131s\u0131r ve Suriye Birle\u015fik Arap Cumhuriyeti M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da Nas\u0131r\u2019\u0131n iktidar s\u00fcreci, Suriye ve Irak\u2019ta ise Baas 1967 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan Arap-\u0130srail sava\u015f\u0131nda Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi, 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nas\u0131r\u2019\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc sonras\u0131nda yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Enver 1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda fiili olarak Irak\u2019\u0131 y\u00f6neten Saddam, 1979 D\u00fczg\u00fcn Kaya<\/strong><\/p>\n K\u00fcrdistan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/strong><\/p>\n www.lekolin.com – www.lekolin.org – www.lekolin.net \u2013 0<\/p>\n 21<\/p>\n TR<\/p>\n \t :” ” <\/p>\n \t :”” <\/p>\n \t ” “,” ” <\/p>\n \t :” ” <\/p>\n \t<\/p>\n
\nmilliyet\u00e7ili\u011finde <\/strong>Nas\u0131rizm ve Baas\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k<\/strong><\/p>\n
\nsonra g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa\u2019n\u0131n Ortado\u011fu\u2019daki politikalar\u0131
\nkar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda geli\u015fen Arap milliyet\u00e7ilik hareketleri ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n
\ng\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Arap birli\u011fi yarat\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f olsa da\u00a0 <\/span>Arap devletlerinin, mandac\u0131 y\u00f6netimlerden kurtulu\u015fu
\nsa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\nyaratma fikri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde 1948 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130srail devletinin kurulmas\u0131, Ortado\u011fu
\ndengelerini de\u011fi\u015ftirecek bir geli\u015fme olarak ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya
\nSava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra Amerika, merkezi\u00a0
\n<\/span>uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeni g\u00fcc\u00fc olarak \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. \u0130srail devleti
\nde, \u0130srail halk\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir devlet olman\u0131n \u00f6tesinde
\nArap-\u0130srail \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla geli\u015fmesine ve Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin daha
\nfazla g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Filistin halk\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde
\ng\u00f6zetmeden kurulan bir \u0130srail devletinden ba\u015fka bir \u015fey beklenemeyece\u011fi de a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.
\nGeli\u015fen Arap-\u0130srail sava\u015flar\u0131 ile g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar devam eden \u0130srail-Filistin
\n\u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ve beraberinde getirdi\u011fi kanl\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7, bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Ancak
\nBirinci D\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki \u0130tilaf devletlerinin kendi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131
\ndo\u011frultusunda Yahudilerle olan ili\u015fkileri ve Yahudi lobilerinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 b\u00f6yle
\nbir s\u00fcrecin geli\u015fmesini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\n\u0130srail devletinin kurulu\u015fu ve olu\u015fan \u2018\u2019Siyonist d\u00fc\u015fman\u2019\u2019Arap devletlerini
\nfarkl\u0131 aray\u0131\u015flara iterken, Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin de giderek radikalle\u015ferek Bat\u0131
\nkar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 bir milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fe b\u00fcr\u00fcnmesine yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 giderek
\nSovyetler Birli\u011fine yana\u015f\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu d\u00f6nemde geli\u015fen Nas\u0131rizm ve
\nBaas\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Arap devletlerinin ideolojik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olarak, \u0130srail devletinin
\nkurulu\u015funa bir cevap olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
\naras\u0131nda 1948, 1955, 1967 y\u0131llar\u0131nda ya\u015fanan sava\u015flar da Araplar yenilmi\u015flerdir.
\n1971 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Sina b\u00f6lgesindeki sava\u015fta belli bir ba\u015far\u0131 elde edilmi\u015ftir. 1948
\ny\u0131l\u0131ndaki Arap-\u0130srail sava\u015f\u0131nda \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span>M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n yenilmesi H\u00fcr Subaylar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lenmesini
\nsa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kral\u0131n, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ve \u00fclkenin emperyalizme ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve M\u0131s\u0131r
\nsubaylar\u0131n\u0131n yetersizli\u011fi yenilginin gerek\u00e7eleri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, H\u00fcr
\nsubaylar\u0131n darbeyle iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesini de beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir. O
\nd\u00f6nemde sosyal kurtulu\u015f y\u00f6n\u00fc \u00f6nde olan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Karde\u015flerle de ili\u015fkili olan
\nNas\u0131r, Sosyalist partiye sempati duyan Gen\u00e7 M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar hareketi i\u00e7inde de yer
\nalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Nas\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ideolojisi e\u015fitlik\u00e7ilik, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k ve ulusal dayan\u0131\u015fma
\nilkelerine dayanmaktayd\u0131. Bundan dolay\u0131 \u00fclkedeki b\u00fcy\u00fck toprak sahiplerinin
\ntopraklar\u0131n\u0131, topraks\u0131z k\u00f6yl\u00fclere b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u00dclkenin modernle\u015fmesi
\ndo\u011frultusunda \u00e7abalar sergilemi\u015ftir. Sosyalist anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, \u00fclkenin modernle\u015ferek
\nilerlemesi olarak a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130srail devletinin kurulu\u015fundan sonra Arap
\nbirli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fck m\u00fccadele y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n Arap d\u00fcnyas\u0131ndaki
\ntarihi misyonuyla, Arap birli\u011finin lideri olarak kendini g\u00f6rerek bu y\u00f6nl\u00fc
\naray\u0131\u015flar i\u00e7ine girmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\n1963 y\u0131l\u0131nda da iktidar olmu\u015ftur. \u2018\u2019Yeniden do\u011fu\u015f\u2019\u2019 anlam\u0131na gelen bu partinin
\n\u00f6nde gelen kurucular\u0131ndan biri Suriyeli bir H\u0131ristiyan olan Mi\u015fel Eflak iken,
\ndi\u011feri ise Selahattin Bitar\u2019d\u0131r. \u0130srail devletinin kurulu\u015fundan sonra
\nSovyetlere yana\u015fan Baas\u00e7\u0131lar din, milliyet\u00e7ilik ve sosyalizmi ortak zeminde
\nharmanlam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k, emperyalizm ve s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f
\nBaas\u2019\u0131n ideolojik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Kurulu\u015flar\u0131ndaki temel hedef Arap
\nmilliyet\u00e7ili\u011fine dayanarak Arap birli\u011fini yaratmak ve t\u00fcm Araplar\u0131 yabanc\u0131
\ndenetiminden kurtarmakt\u0131r. Baas kurulurken halk\u0131n yoksul kesiminin deste\u011fine
\ndayanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\nEbdulkerim Qas\u0131m iktidar\u0131n\u0131n, 1963 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nas\u0131r ve Baas\u2019\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla devrilmesinden
\nsonra Ebdulselam Arif iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Arap milliyet\u00e7isi olarak,
\nIrak\u2019ta milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin geli\u015fmesinde etkili olmu\u015f biridir. Birle\u015fik M\u0131s\u0131r ve
\nSuriye\u2019ye, Irak\u2019\u0131n da kat\u0131lmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7ok fazla dayatmalar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
\nad\u0131yla birle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu birle\u015fme sonras\u0131nda M\u0131s\u0131r, Suriye \u00fczerinde h\u00e2kimiyet kurmu\u015ftur.
\nPartilerin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan, askeriye\u2019ye kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn alanlarda M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n h\u00e2kimiyeti
\ngeli\u015fmi\u015ftir. Bu birle\u015fmenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7ok \u00e7aba harcayan Suriye, \u00a0<\/span>umdu\u011funu bulamay\u0131nca 1961 y\u0131l\u0131nda Birle\u015fik
\nArap Cumhuriyeti\u2019nden ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Arap birli\u011fi elde edilemeyince bu sefer Araplar\u0131n
\nbirlikte bir duru\u015fu sergileme ve ortak hareket etme amac\u0131na y\u00f6nelinmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\npartilerinin iktidara gelmeleri Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin daha fazla etkili
\nolmas\u0131n\u0131 beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir. 1950\u2019li ve 60\u2019l\u0131 y\u0131llarda M\u0131s\u0131r ve Suriye\u2019nin
\nde birle\u015fmesiyle Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fi, \u00a0<\/span>M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019l\u0131
\nNas\u0131r\u2019\u0131n karizmatik \u00f6nderli\u011finde Arap alemini b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda etkilemi\u015ftir. Ancak
\nbu hava fazla uzun s\u00fcrmemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\n\u0130srail\u2019den yedi\u011fi a\u011f\u0131r darbenin alt\u0131nda ezilmi\u015ftir. Bu sava\u015fta Araplar\u0131n
\nya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hezimet b\u00f6l\u00fcnmelere yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yenilgiden sonra M\u0131s\u0131r, Arap
\nd\u00fcnyas\u0131 ve birlik fikri i\u00e7inde yer almayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n siyasi ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren
\nyakla\u015f\u0131mlar geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Suriye ve Irak ise, kendi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde
\ntan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f bir milliyet\u00e7ili\u011fin daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k bir dille ifade
\netmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu yenilgiden sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7 Arap milliyet\u00e7ili\u011finin giderek zay\u0131flamas\u0131n\u0131
\nberaberinde getirmi\u015ftir. Suriye hari\u00e7, b\u00f6lge devletleri M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n pe\u015fi s\u0131ra ABD
\negemenli\u011fini tan\u0131maya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Bu durum Ortado\u011fu\u2019da ABD egemenli\u011finin
\ng\u00fc\u00e7lenmesine yol a\u00e7arken, Filistin sorununa bir duyarl\u0131l\u0131k olsa da, Filistin davas\u0131n\u0131n
\nAraplar taraf\u0131ndan terk edilmesini beraberinde getirmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u00fcrece kadar
\nFilistin sorunu bir Arap sorunu olarak t\u00fcm Araplar\u0131 ilgilendirirken, bu
\ns\u00fcre\u00e7ten sonra Filistinlileri ilgilendiren bir sorun olarak daha \u00e7ok \u00f6ne
\n\u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\nSedat iktidar olmu\u015ftur. Sedat, \u0130srail kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda varl\u0131k g\u00f6sterememi\u015ftir. Sedat
\nve M\u00fcbarek d\u00f6nemleri M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n, ABD egemenli\u011finde ge\u00e7en y\u0131llar\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. S.
\nArabistan ve \u00dcrd\u00fcn gibi krall\u0131kla y\u00f6netilen Arap devletleri, \u0130srail ile
\nmesafeli bir ili\u015fki s\u00fcrd\u00fcrseler de ABD politikalar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda hareket
\netmi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n
\ny\u0131l\u0131nda Irak\u2019\u0131n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Suriye\u2019de ise 1963 y\u0131l\u0131nda Arap Kemeri
\npolitikas\u0131 uygulanarak, K\u00fcrtler Arapla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1970 y\u0131l\u0131nda
\nise Haf\u0131z Esad\u2019\u0131n iktidar d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Arap birli\u011fi hedefinden ve
\npop\u00fclist sol, anti emperyalizm s\u00f6ylemlerinden iyice kopan Baas iktidarlar\u0131
\ng\u00fcndelik, d\u00f6nemsel politikalar \u00fcretmekten \u00f6teye ge\u00e7ememi\u015flerdir. Halktan kopuk,
\nelitist bir y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla kendi saltanatlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Otoriter
\nve diktatoryal y\u00f6nleri \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan bask\u0131 ve ter\u00f6re dayal\u0131 birer az\u0131nl\u0131k
\niktidarlar\u0131 olmaktan \u00f6teye gidememi\u015flerdir. \u0130srail ve onu destekleyen
\n\u00fclkelerden kaynakl\u0131 tehdide kar\u015f\u0131 geli\u015fen savunma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131, i\u00e7 muhalefeti
\nbast\u0131rman\u0131n arac\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrken giderek muhalefetsiz bir iktidar anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131
\nortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\nwww.lekolin.info – www.navendalekolin.com<\/strong><\/p>\n