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“K\u00fcrt ayaklanmas\u0131 beklenenin aksine \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc. Harput d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00f6lgedeki b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fehirler isyanc\u0131lar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7mi\u015f durumda. 4 b\u00fcy\u00fck K\u00fcrt a\u015firetinin ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayaklanman\u0131n merkezi ise art\u0131k Diyarbak\u0131r. Sava\u015f u\u00e7aklar\u0131 b\u00f6lgeyi bombalamaya devam ederken Ankara’daki T\u00fcrk h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ayaklanma kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7aresiz.”<\/p>\n
Vossische Zeitung gazetesi, ilk sayfas\u0131n\u0131n ikinci man\u015fetinde \u015eeyh Said ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 ‘Diyarbak\u0131r K\u00fcrtlerin eline ge\u00e7ti’ ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla b\u00f6yle duyurmu\u015ftu. Merkezi Berlin’de bulunan ve Almanca konu\u015fulan b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgelere da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan Vossische Zeitung, 1655’ten ba\u015flayarak de\u011fi\u015fik isimlerde \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f, d\u00f6nemin belli ba\u015fl\u0131 gazetesiydi.<\/p>\n
Nazilerin iktidara gelmesinden bir y\u0131l sonra 1934’de kapat\u0131lan bu gazetenin 1918-1934 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm say\u0131lar\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcr Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131’na ba\u011fl\u0131 Prusya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Varl\u0131klar\u0131 Vakf\u0131’na ait Berlin devlet k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin ar\u015fivinde sakl\u0131. Gazetenin o g\u00fcnk\u00fc, 26 \u015eubat 1925 tarihli ak\u015fam bask\u0131s\u0131nda K\u00fcrt ayaklanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin devamla \u015fu bilgiler verildi:<\/p>\n
“K\u00fcrdistan co\u011frafyas\u0131 yollar\u0131n olmamas\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek da\u011flardan dolay\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan elveri\u015fli de\u011fil. Bu y\u00fczden Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ayaklanmay\u0131 bast\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zorlan\u0131yor. K\u00fcrtlerin birli\u011finin olmamas\u0131, b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeleri ve farkl\u0131 ilgilerinin olmas\u0131 ise Ankara’n\u0131n i\u015fine yar\u0131yor. Ele ge\u00e7irilen K\u00fcrt metropol\u00fc Diyarbak\u0131r gizemli bir \u015fehir ve 4 bin y\u0131ll\u0131k bir ge\u00e7mi\u015fi var.”<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrtlerin 200 y\u0131ld\u0131r bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu, en fazla Ezidilerin zarar g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yazan gazete bu haberde ise \u015fu yorum yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f: “Di\u011fer sultanlar\u0131n aksine Abduhamit K\u00fcrtlerle iyi ge\u00e7indi. Bu y\u00fczden olacak ki ayaklanman\u0131n \u00f6nderi \u015eeyh Said, Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmetinden halifeli\u011fi geri getirilmesini istiyor. Amerikan ve \u0130ngiliz kaynaklar\u0131 ise T\u00fcrklerin Orta Asya \u00fclkelerine yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in Bol\u015feviklerin K\u00fcrt isyan\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor.”<\/p>\n
“K\u00fcrtler Moskova’n\u0131n hizmetinde mi?” sorusunu y\u00f6nelten gazete di\u011fer say\u0131lar\u0131nda ise bu tezini \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcterek ayaklanmayla K\u00fcrtlerin otonomi hakk\u0131 istedi\u011fini de yazmaktan geri kalmam\u0131\u015f. Asl\u0131nda gazete bir \u00f6nceki g\u00fcn, 25 \u015eubat tarihli ak\u015fam bask\u0131s\u0131nda, ikinci sayfada “K\u00fcrdistan’da ayaklanma” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ayaklanmay\u0131 ilk kez \u015fu \u015fekilde duyurmu\u015ftu:<\/p>\n
“Anadolu’nun g\u00fcneyinde Diyarbak\u0131r ile Bitlis ve Urfa ile Pers s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yer alan 12 \u015fehirde sava\u015f durumu ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Ayaklanman\u0131n \u00f6nderi \u015eeyh Said \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerine otonomi hakk\u0131 ve halifeli\u011fin geri getirilmesini istiyor. \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine ra\u011fmen Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti, ayaklanman\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131ya ula\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131 ise d\u0131\u015f mihraklar\u0131n ayaklanmada parma\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu iddia ediyor.”<\/p>\n
‘Diyarbak\u0131r K\u00fcrtlerin eline ge\u00e7ti’ man\u015fetinden \u00f6nce 26 \u015eubat’\u0131n sabah bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 4. sayfas\u0131nda ise ayaklanma “T\u00fcrkiye’de sava\u015f” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda yeniden verildi. Bu kez \u0130stanbul muhabirinin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda Londra ve Paris’teki kaynaklara dayand\u0131r\u0131lan haberde \u015fu yeni bilgiler vard\u0131:<\/p>\n
‘YO\u011eUN KAR YA\u011eI\u015eI VAR, ASKERLER \u0130LERLEYEM\u0130YOR’<\/p>\n
“K\u00fcrt ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde orduda g\u00f6revli baz\u0131 askerler de yer al\u0131yor. Yo\u011fun kar ya\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 T\u00fcrk birliklerinin ilerlemesini engelliyor. \u00d6zel olarak toplanan Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ise b\u00f6lgeye yeni birliklerin g\u00f6nderilmesine karar verdi. Ayaklanman\u0131n \u0130stanbul gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlere s\u0131\u00e7ramas\u0131ndan korkan h\u00fck\u00fcmet partisinden baz\u0131 parlamenterler ise bu \u015fehirlerde askeri y\u00f6netimin ilan edilmesinden yana.<\/p>\n
\u0130ngiliz radyosu bu sabah \u015eeyh Said \u00f6nderli\u011findeki 3 bin K\u00fcrt askerin Diyarbak\u0131r’a girdi\u011fini duyurdu. \u015eeyh Said’in birliklerine yeni K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerinin kat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan endi\u015fe ediliyor. Paris’teki kaynaklar ise \u0130stanbul’dan gelen ve teyit edilmeyen son dakika bilgisine g\u00f6re Harbut da isyanc\u0131lar\u0131n eline ge\u00e7ti.”<\/p>\n
Birliklerin b\u00f6lgeye ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n zor olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 ayaklanman\u0131n haftalarca s\u00fcrece\u011fini tahmin eden Alman “Vossische Zeitung” gazetesi, Mart ve Nisan ay\u0131 boyunca da K\u00fcrdistan’daki geli\u015fmeleri yak\u0131ndan izlemi\u015f. Ancak ayaklanmaya ilk g\u00fcnk\u00fc kadar gazetenin dikkat \u00e7ekmiyor. Art\u0131k arka sayfalarda altlarda veya k\u0131sa haberler b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde verilen K\u00fcrt tarihindeki bu \u00f6nemli olaya ili\u015fkin gazetenin di\u011fer haberleri ise s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n
K\u00dcRT \u0130SYANI (17.03.1925): Chicago Tribune gazetesinin muhabiri, K\u00fcrt ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n perde arkas\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bilgilere ula\u015ft\u0131. Onun bilgilerine g\u00f6re T\u00fcrk ordusu 75 bin askeri K\u00fcrdistan’a g\u00f6nderecek. \u0130ngilizler, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n Musul’a da s\u0131\u00e7ramas\u0131ndan endi\u015fe duyuyor. \u015eayet Musul’da gerginlik y\u00fckselirse Sovyetler, T\u00fcrkleri destekleyecek.<\/p>\n
K\u00dcRD\u0130STAN’DA \u015e\u0130DDETL\u0130 SAVA\u015e (29.03.1925): K\u00fcrtlerin ayaklanma b\u00f6lgesinde \u00f6zellikle de Mu\u015f ve Silvan aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgede kanl\u0131 bir sava\u015f s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. K\u00fcrtlerin Irak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131, \u015fiddetli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan kesildi.<\/p>\n
K\u00dcRTLERLE MEYDAN SAVA\u015eI: (31.03.1925): T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n aksine bize ula\u015fan bilgiler ayaklanma b\u00f6lgesinde \u015fiddetli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde. Say\u0131lar\u0131 20 bin ile 30 bin aras\u0131nda olan isyanc\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu atl\u0131 ve iyi silahlanm\u0131\u015flar. Erzurum, Diyarbak\u0131r, Harput ve Bitlis aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgede s\u00fcren sava\u015fta Kemalettin Sami Pa\u015fa komutanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki T\u00fcrk birliklerinde 70 bin asker var. T\u00fcrk ordu y\u00f6netimi, bir daha ve sonsuza kadar ba\u015fka ayaklanman\u0131n olmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in K\u00fcrtleri tamamen ele ge\u00e7irmek istiyor.<\/p>\n
Sava\u015f b\u00f6lgesine panzer ve u\u00e7aklar g\u00f6nderilirken, Ankara y\u00f6netimi h\u00e2kimiyeti sa\u011flayana kadar askeri birlikler uzun s\u00fcre K\u00fcrdistan’da kalacak. U\u00e7aklardan at\u0131lan bildirilerde ise K\u00fcrtlere ‘teslim ol’ \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken, isyanc\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fmay\u0131n herkesin su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu yaz\u0131ld\u0131. Askeri birliklerin K\u00fcrdistan’da yerle\u015ftirilmesi 7 milyon Pound’a mal oldu. Bu da Ankara h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin y\u0131lsonunda bor\u00e7lanmas\u0131 demek.<\/p>\n
K\u00dcRD\u0130STAN’DA T\u00dcRK BA\u015eARISI (01.04.1925): T\u00fcrk kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re Mu\u015f ve Palu aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lge, K\u00fcrt isyanc\u0131lar\u0131ndan temizlendi. K\u00fcrtlerin do\u011fu ile ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kesilirken, ayaklanman\u0131n \u00f6nderi \u015eeyh Said’in bizzat kendisinin birliklerinin ba\u015f\u0131na ge\u00e7ti\u011fi bildiriliyor. T\u00fcrkler, K\u00fcrtleri cephe sava\u015f\u0131na zorluyor. A\u011f\u0131r silahlar\u0131 bulunan T\u00fcrk birliklerinin acele davranmas\u0131 gerekiyor. (Bu k\u0131sa haber ilk sayfada “Orient’te m\u00fccadele” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 haberin alt\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. K\u00fcrdistan b\u00f6lgesinin \u00e7izildi\u011fi bir resmin yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu haberde ise \u0130ngilizlerin Musul’da ilk petrol kuyusunu kazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgisi veriliyor.)<\/p>\n
K\u00dcRD\u0130STAN’DA KARAR \u00d6NCES\u0130 (02.04.1925): K\u00fcrt b\u00f6lgesinde seferber olan T\u00fcrk ordu birlikleri ilerleyi\u015flerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve hali haz\u0131rda b\u00f6lgeyi isyanc\u0131lardan tamamen temizlediler. K\u00fcrt a\u015firetlerinin Irak s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ile ba\u011flant\u0131 kurma giri\u015fimleri ise ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7land\u0131. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde isyanc\u0131lar\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 Hani, Lice ve Tschapatschur (\u00c7epax\u00e7ur-Bing\u00f6l) kapsayan kanl\u0131 bir sava\u015f bekleniyor. Buras\u0131 ayaklanman\u0131n gidi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131 belirleyecek. (Bu haber k\u0131sa olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc sayfan\u0131n man\u015feti)<\/p>\n
K\u00dcRTLER YEN\u0130LD\u0130 (14.04.1925): T\u00fcrk ordu birlikleri, K\u00fcrt ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 son b\u00f6lgeleri de ele ge\u00e7irdi. Ayaklanman\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu yana K\u00fcrtlerin esir ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkler de kurtar\u0131ld\u0131. Ayaklanman\u0131n lideri \u015eeyh Said \u00e7ok az adam\u0131yla da\u011flara ka\u00e7t\u0131. T\u00fcrk ordusunun 41. birlikleri onun pe\u015finde.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk bas\u0131n\u0131na g\u00f6re ayaklanma bitti. Fakat \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar Mezopotamya’n\u0131n derinliklerinde s\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Asl\u0131nda K\u00fcrtlerin yenilgisi s\u00fcrpriz olmad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrk ordusunun a\u011f\u0131r silahlar\u0131 vard\u0131. Ankara’n\u0131n h\u00e2kimiyetini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrk birliklerinin daha ne kadar K\u00fcrdistan’da kalaca\u011f\u0131 bilinmiyor. (Haber \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc sayfada d\u00fcnyadan k\u0131sa haberler aras\u0131nda yer ald\u0131)<\/p>\n
K\u00dcRD\u0130STAN’DAK\u0130 T\u00dcRK ASKER\u0130N\u0130N \u0130\u015e\u0130 B\u0130TT\u0130 (03.06.1925): Sava\u015f haline neden olan K\u00fcrt ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131 bast\u0131ran T\u00fcrk ordusunun i\u015fi bitti. \u00d6zel kaynaklar\u0131m\u0131zdan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bilgilere g\u00f6re Musul s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 yak\u0131n\u0131nda konumlanan \u00e7ok az say\u0131daki asker d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00f6lgedeki T\u00fcrk birlikleri seferini tamamlad\u0131. Bu arada eski T\u00fcrk d\u0131\u015fi\u015fleri bakan\u0131 \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey ise Musul sorununu Milliyetler Cemiyeti’nde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek i\u00e7in Cenevre’ye hareket etti. \u00d6yle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor ki Musul meselesi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclene kadar da Cenevre’de kalacak. (Haber Cenevre’deki tart\u0131\u015fmalara ayr\u0131lan d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc sayfada, altlarda yer ald\u0131)<\/p>\n
K\u00dcRT \u00d6NDER\u0130 \u00d6L\u00dcM CEZASINA \u00c7ARPITILDI (30.06.1925): Diyarbak\u0131r’da K\u00fcrt ayaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n lideri \u015eeyh Said ayaklanman\u0131n di\u011fer 29 \u00f6nder kadrosu, dini siyasi ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131na \u00e7arp\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131. (\u0130kinci sayfan\u0131n en alt\u0131nda bu k\u0131sa habere yer veren gazetenin o g\u00fcnk\u00fc man\u015feti Frans\u0131z askerlerinin Ruhr b\u00f6lgesinden geri \u00e7ekilme karar\u0131na ili\u015fkindi.-ANF<\/p>\n
Perwer Ya\u015f\/Berlin<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrdistan Stratejik Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar Merkezi<\/p>\n
www.navendalekolin.com – www.lekolin.org – www.lekolin.net \u2013 www.lekolin.info\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n
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